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Titre : | Role of Reactive Oxygen Species on pancreatic islets exposed toHypoxia and Normoxia |
Auteurs : | Magali RAUCQ, Auteur ; Leticia Prates Roma, Promoteur |
Type de document : | Travail de fin d'études |
Editeur : | Bruxelles : Institut Paul Lambin, 2020 |
Langues: | Français |
Index. décimale : | TFE - Biologie médicale |
Résumé : |
This thesis was realized in partnership with Universität des Saarlandes in Biophysics Departement on the Centre for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medecine (CIPMM, building 48, Kirrberger Straße, D-66421 Homburg) with the supervision of Leticia Prates Roma and with Jesssica Duprez as promoter (Institut Paul Lambin, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 43, 1200 Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium).
Type 1 Diabetes is emerging as one of the most worrying health problems of our times. The most common treatment still relies on insulin. An alternative solution based on islets transplantation exists. Despite the long-lasting studies, this solution still presents major limits: 60% of islets die during the procedure1. One reason to this death is hypoxia. Observations show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase during hypoxia. In this thesis, the reason of ROS increase is investigated. Is ROS a signal of adaptation of the cell to hypoxia, or the hypoxia induces ROS production that leads to cells death? To explore cell metabolism during hypoxia first experiment measures NAD(P)H production by islets for 18 hours incubation in hypoxia. Islets were placed in media and measurement were made with plate readers from CLARIOstarplus (luminometre, autofluorescence detection). Islets were used after to RNA extraction and RT-qPCR. Insulin secreted during incubation was measured with CISBIO ELISA Ultra Sensitive kit. To explore both mitochondrial and cytosolic redox mice inhibiting mROS (mCaT1N) and cROS (NOX2KO) were used with black mice as control (6N and 6J respectively). Results show difference between NAD(P)H evolution during incubation in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In hypoxia it seems that NAD(P)H increases in between the first and second hours of incubation. With inhibiting the mitochondrial ROS the NAD(P)H rate decreases after a peak. Concerning the insulin secretion, the results show a higher rate for the NOX2KO and mCaT mice which were under hypoxic condition. For genes expression the amount of repetition is not sufficient to be significant. To explain the results, some non-exclusive hypotheses are conceivable: inhibiting NNT enzymes could protect cells against oxidative stress; cytosolic ROS and mitochondrial ROS could have different roles in cells regulation. More experiments with more conditions and different mice might shed light on cell change during restrictive conditions. |
Accès : | Identifiez-vous avant d'accéder au document électronique |
Disponible en ligne : | Oui |
Lieu du stage : | Center for integrative physiology and molecular medecine (CIPMM) |
Département : | Biologie médicale |
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TFE biologie médicale Adobe Acrobat PDF |