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7 résultat(s) recherche sur le mot-clé 'Cortex moteur' 
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Partager le résultat de cette recherche Faire une suggestionStimulation magnétique transcrânienne et imagerie motrice : corrélats neurophysiologiques de l’action mentalement simulée / Florent Lebon in Science et motricité, 2013/4 (2013)
Titre : Stimulation magnétique transcrânienne et imagerie motrice : corrélats neurophysiologiques de l’action mentalement simulée Type de document : Article Auteurs : Florent Lebon ; Nicolas Gueugneau ; Charalambos Papaxanthis Article en page(s) : pp. 21-30 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Neuropsychologie ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Cortex moteur Imagerie motrice Résumé : La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (SMT) est devenue en à peine trois décennies un outil scientifique expérimental majeur dans l’étude du système nerveux chez l’homme. Dotée de nombreux atouts méthodologiques (technique non-invasive et à haute résolution temporelle), la SMT est complémentaire des outils d’exploration fonctionnelle du cerveau et elle a permis d’accumuler un nombre considérable de données dans le domaine des neurosciences cognitives et comportementales. Cet article de synthèse présente les récentes avancées en cognition motrice et plus particulièrement en imagerie motrice, un champ de recherche dans lequel la SMT a été grandement utilisée pour explorer l’implication des structures centrales et périphériques sous-jacentes. Après avoir défini les principes neurophysiologiques et méthodologiques de la SMT, nous montrerons que l’imagerie motrice est une activité cognitive à part entière, le cortex moteur et la voie corticomotrice étant spécifiquement impliqués selon le contenu de l’image mentale. Disponible en ligne : Non Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=143293
in Science et motricité > 2013/4 (2013) . - pp. 21-30[article] Stimulation magnétique transcrânienne et imagerie motrice : corrélats neurophysiologiques de l’action mentalement simulée [Article] / Florent Lebon ; Nicolas Gueugneau ; Charalambos Papaxanthis . - pp. 21-30.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Science et motricité > 2013/4 (2013) . - pp. 21-30
Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Neuropsychologie ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Cortex moteur Imagerie motrice Résumé : La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne (SMT) est devenue en à peine trois décennies un outil scientifique expérimental majeur dans l’étude du système nerveux chez l’homme. Dotée de nombreux atouts méthodologiques (technique non-invasive et à haute résolution temporelle), la SMT est complémentaire des outils d’exploration fonctionnelle du cerveau et elle a permis d’accumuler un nombre considérable de données dans le domaine des neurosciences cognitives et comportementales. Cet article de synthèse présente les récentes avancées en cognition motrice et plus particulièrement en imagerie motrice, un champ de recherche dans lequel la SMT a été grandement utilisée pour explorer l’implication des structures centrales et périphériques sous-jacentes. Après avoir défini les principes neurophysiologiques et méthodologiques de la SMT, nous montrerons que l’imagerie motrice est une activité cognitive à part entière, le cortex moteur et la voie corticomotrice étant spécifiquement impliqués selon le contenu de l’image mentale. Disponible en ligne : Non Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=143293 Exemplaires (1)
Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité SciMot 2013 P2013/4 Périodique papier Woluwe (Place de l'Alma) Revues-W Exclu du prêt 
Titre : Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation of the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Promote Metaphor Comprehension in Parkinson Disease: A Case Study Type de document : Article Auteurs : Christina Tremblay ; Laura Monetta ; Mélanie Langlois Article en page(s) : pp. 74-83 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Maladie de Parkinson ; Métaphore ; Rééducation et réadaptation ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Metaphor Motor cortex Cortex moteur Parkinson disease Prefrontal cortex Cortex préfrontal Transcranial magnetic stimulation Résumé : This single-case research-designed study explored whether intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) could improve metaphor comprehension in people with Parkinson disease (PD) and language impairments. A right-handed participant with PD diagnosed 9 years ago, receiving long-term treatment with levodopa, and with metaphor comprehension impairment was recruited to undergo 10 sessions of sham stimulation (in 2wk), a washout period (6wk), and then 10 sessions of iTBS (in 2wk). Clinical scores of metaphor comprehension and motor evaluation (Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale part III) and transcranial magnetic stimulation to test the excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1) were used at baseline, postsham, post-iTBS, and at 3 follow-ups (8, 14, and 20wk post-iTBS). Metaphor comprehension was improved after iTBS, and the highest scores were obtained 8 weeks later (P=.01). This improvement was correlated with the increase of the right M1 excitability (r=−.86, P=.03) and with the decrease of transcallosal inhibition latency from the left to the right hemisphere (r=−.88, P=.02). Sham yielded no effect (P>.05). Administration of iTBS over the right DLPFC improved metaphor comprehension likely by a long-term influence on brain synaptic plasticity, including improvement of interhemispheric dialogue. More studies are warranted to confirm these findings in larger samples of participants with PD. Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118200
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 2016/1 (2016) . - pp. 74-83[article] Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation of the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Promote Metaphor Comprehension in Parkinson Disease: A Case Study [Article] / Christina Tremblay ; Laura Monetta ; Mélanie Langlois . - pp. 74-83.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 2016/1 (2016) . - pp. 74-83
Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Maladie de Parkinson ; Métaphore ; Rééducation et réadaptation ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Metaphor Motor cortex Cortex moteur Parkinson disease Prefrontal cortex Cortex préfrontal Transcranial magnetic stimulation Résumé : This single-case research-designed study explored whether intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) could improve metaphor comprehension in people with Parkinson disease (PD) and language impairments. A right-handed participant with PD diagnosed 9 years ago, receiving long-term treatment with levodopa, and with metaphor comprehension impairment was recruited to undergo 10 sessions of sham stimulation (in 2wk), a washout period (6wk), and then 10 sessions of iTBS (in 2wk). Clinical scores of metaphor comprehension and motor evaluation (Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale part III) and transcranial magnetic stimulation to test the excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1) were used at baseline, postsham, post-iTBS, and at 3 follow-ups (8, 14, and 20wk post-iTBS). Metaphor comprehension was improved after iTBS, and the highest scores were obtained 8 weeks later (P=.01). This improvement was correlated with the increase of the right M1 excitability (r=−.86, P=.03) and with the decrease of transcallosal inhibition latency from the left to the right hemisphere (r=−.88, P=.02). Sham yielded no effect (P>.05). Administration of iTBS over the right DLPFC improved metaphor comprehension likely by a long-term influence on brain synaptic plasticity, including improvement of interhemispheric dialogue. More studies are warranted to confirm these findings in larger samples of participants with PD. Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118200
Titre : Assessment of Inter-Hemispheric Imbalance Using Imaging and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Patients With Chronic Stroke Type de document : Article Auteurs : David A. Cunningham ; Andre Machado ; Daniel Janini Article en page(s) : p. S94-S103 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) ; Imagerie par résonance magnétique ; Imagerie par tenseur de diffusion ; Rééducation et réadaptation ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Diffusion tensor imaging Motor cortex Cortex moteur Magnetic Resonance Imaging Stroke Transcranial magnetic stimulation Résumé : Objective
To determine how interhemispheric balance in stroke, measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), relates to balance defined using neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance [fMRI], diffusion-tensor imaging [DTI]) and how these metrics of balance are associated with clinical measures of upper-limb function and disability.
Design
Cross sectional.
Setting
Laboratory.
Participants
Patients with chronic stroke (N=10; age, 63+9y) in a population-based sample with unilateral upper-limb paresis.
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures
Interhemispheric balance was measured with TMS, fMRI, and DTI. TMS defined interhemispheric differences in the recruitment of corticospinal output, size of the corticomotor output maps, and degree of mutual transcallosal inhibition that they exerted on one another. fMRI studied whether cortical activation during the movement of the paretic hand was lateralized to the ipsilesional or to the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex (PMC), and supplementary motor cortex (SMA). DTI was used to define interhemispheric differences in the integrity of the corticospinal tracts projecting from the M1. Clinical outcomes tested function (upper extremity Fugl-Meyer [UEFM]) and perceived disability in the use of the paretic hand (Motor Activity Log [MAL] amount score).
Results
Interhemispheric balance assessed with TMS relates differently to fMRI and DTI. Patients with high fMRI lateralization to the ipsilesional hemisphere possessed stronger ipsilesional corticomotor output maps (M1: r=.831, P=.006; PMC: r=.797, P=.01) and better balance of mutual transcallosal inhibition (r=.810, P=.015). Conversely, we found that patients with less integrity of the corticospinal tracts in the ipsilesional hemisphere show greater corticospinal output of homologous tracts in the contralesional hemisphere (r=.850, P=.004). However, an imbalance in integrity and output do not relate to transcallosal inhibition. Clinically, although patients with less integrity of corticospinal tracts from the ipsilesional hemisphere showed worse impairments (UEFM) (r=–.768, P=.016), those with low fMRI lateralization to the ipsilesional hemisphere had greater perception of disability (MAL amount score) (M1: r=.883, P=.006; PMC: r=.817, P=.007; SMA: r=.633, P=.062).
Conclusions
In patients with chronic motor deficits of the upper limb, fMRI may serve to mark perceived disability and transcallosal influence between hemispheres. DTI-based integrity of the corticospinal tracts, however, may be useful in categorizing the range of functional impairments of the upper limb. Further, in patients with extensive corticospinal damage, DTI may help infer the role of the contralesional hemisphere in recovery.Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118476
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 2015/4 suppl. (2015) . - p. S94-S103[article] Assessment of Inter-Hemispheric Imbalance Using Imaging and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Patients With Chronic Stroke [Article] / David A. Cunningham ; Andre Machado ; Daniel Janini . - p. S94-S103.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 2015/4 suppl. (2015) . - p. S94-S103
Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) ; Imagerie par résonance magnétique ; Imagerie par tenseur de diffusion ; Rééducation et réadaptation ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Diffusion tensor imaging Motor cortex Cortex moteur Magnetic Resonance Imaging Stroke Transcranial magnetic stimulation Résumé : Objective
To determine how interhemispheric balance in stroke, measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), relates to balance defined using neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance [fMRI], diffusion-tensor imaging [DTI]) and how these metrics of balance are associated with clinical measures of upper-limb function and disability.
Design
Cross sectional.
Setting
Laboratory.
Participants
Patients with chronic stroke (N=10; age, 63+9y) in a population-based sample with unilateral upper-limb paresis.
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures
Interhemispheric balance was measured with TMS, fMRI, and DTI. TMS defined interhemispheric differences in the recruitment of corticospinal output, size of the corticomotor output maps, and degree of mutual transcallosal inhibition that they exerted on one another. fMRI studied whether cortical activation during the movement of the paretic hand was lateralized to the ipsilesional or to the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex (PMC), and supplementary motor cortex (SMA). DTI was used to define interhemispheric differences in the integrity of the corticospinal tracts projecting from the M1. Clinical outcomes tested function (upper extremity Fugl-Meyer [UEFM]) and perceived disability in the use of the paretic hand (Motor Activity Log [MAL] amount score).
Results
Interhemispheric balance assessed with TMS relates differently to fMRI and DTI. Patients with high fMRI lateralization to the ipsilesional hemisphere possessed stronger ipsilesional corticomotor output maps (M1: r=.831, P=.006; PMC: r=.797, P=.01) and better balance of mutual transcallosal inhibition (r=.810, P=.015). Conversely, we found that patients with less integrity of the corticospinal tracts in the ipsilesional hemisphere show greater corticospinal output of homologous tracts in the contralesional hemisphere (r=.850, P=.004). However, an imbalance in integrity and output do not relate to transcallosal inhibition. Clinically, although patients with less integrity of corticospinal tracts from the ipsilesional hemisphere showed worse impairments (UEFM) (r=–.768, P=.016), those with low fMRI lateralization to the ipsilesional hemisphere had greater perception of disability (MAL amount score) (M1: r=.883, P=.006; PMC: r=.817, P=.007; SMA: r=.633, P=.062).
Conclusions
In patients with chronic motor deficits of the upper limb, fMRI may serve to mark perceived disability and transcallosal influence between hemispheres. DTI-based integrity of the corticospinal tracts, however, may be useful in categorizing the range of functional impairments of the upper limb. Further, in patients with extensive corticospinal damage, DTI may help infer the role of the contralesional hemisphere in recovery.Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118476
Titre : Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Recovery of Function After Spinal Cord Injury Type de document : Article Auteurs : Toshiki Tazoe ; Monica A. Perez Article en page(s) : p. S145-S155 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Plasticité neuronale ; Rééducation et réadaptationMots-clés : Pyramidal Tracts Tractus pyramidaux Motor cortex Cortex moteur Neuronal Plasticity Résumé : A major goal of rehabilitation strategies after spinal cord injury (SCI) is to enhance the recovery of function. One possible avenue to achieve this goal is to strengthen the efficacy of the residual neuronal pathways. Noninvasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used in patients with motor disorders as a tool to modulate activity of corticospinal, cortical, and subcortical pathways to promote functional recovery. This article reviews a series of studies published during the last decade that used rTMS in the acute and chronic stages of paraplegia and tetraplegia in humans with complete and incomplete SCI. In the studies, rTMS has been applied over the arm and leg representations of the primary motor cortex to target 3 main consequences of SCI: sensory and motor function impairments, spasticity, and neuropathic pain. Although some studies demonstrated that consecutive sessions of rTMS improve aspects of particular functions, other studies did not show similar effects. We discuss how rTMS parameters and postinjury reorganization in the corticospinal tract, motor cortical, and spinal cord circuits might be critical factors in understanding the advantages and disadvantages of using rTMS in patients with SCI. The available data highlight the limited information on the use of rTMS after SCI and the need to further understand the pathophysiology of neuronal structures affected by rTMS to maximize the potential beneficial effects of this technique in humans with SCI. Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118482
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 2015/4 suppl. (2015) . - p. S145-S155[article] Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Recovery of Function After Spinal Cord Injury [Article] / Toshiki Tazoe ; Monica A. Perez . - p. S145-S155.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > 2015/4 suppl. (2015) . - p. S145-S155
Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Plasticité neuronale ; Rééducation et réadaptationMots-clés : Pyramidal Tracts Tractus pyramidaux Motor cortex Cortex moteur Neuronal Plasticity Résumé : A major goal of rehabilitation strategies after spinal cord injury (SCI) is to enhance the recovery of function. One possible avenue to achieve this goal is to strengthen the efficacy of the residual neuronal pathways. Noninvasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used in patients with motor disorders as a tool to modulate activity of corticospinal, cortical, and subcortical pathways to promote functional recovery. This article reviews a series of studies published during the last decade that used rTMS in the acute and chronic stages of paraplegia and tetraplegia in humans with complete and incomplete SCI. In the studies, rTMS has been applied over the arm and leg representations of the primary motor cortex to target 3 main consequences of SCI: sensory and motor function impairments, spasticity, and neuropathic pain. Although some studies demonstrated that consecutive sessions of rTMS improve aspects of particular functions, other studies did not show similar effects. We discuss how rTMS parameters and postinjury reorganization in the corticospinal tract, motor cortical, and spinal cord circuits might be critical factors in understanding the advantages and disadvantages of using rTMS in patients with SCI. The available data highlight the limited information on the use of rTMS after SCI and the need to further understand the pathophysiology of neuronal structures affected by rTMS to maximize the potential beneficial effects of this technique in humans with SCI. Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118482
Titre : Robot-Guided Neuronavigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Central Neuropathic Pain Type de document : Article Auteurs : Charles Quesada ; Benjamin Pommier ; Camille Fauchon Article en page(s) : p. 2203-2215 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Nevralgie ; Rééducation et réadaptation ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Motor cortex Cortex moteur Neuralgia Transcranial magnetic stimulation Résumé : Objectives
To confirm and extend previous results involving repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) aimed at alleviating refractory central neuropathic pain (CNP). To evaluate pain relief in detail and to assess ongoing benefits after one year of treatment.
Design
Prospective observational study.
Setting
University hospital. Outpatient settings.
Participants
Patients (N=80) with chronic central pain after brain or spinal cord injuries.
Interventions
High-frequency (20Hz) neuronavigated-rTMS sessions were applied on the primary motor cortex using a figure-of-eight coil positioned by a robotized arm. Patients received a minimum of 4 consecutive sessions, each separated by 3-4 weeks.
Main Outcome Measures
Percentage of pain relief (%R), duration of pain relief (DPR), numeric rating scale (NRS), neuropathic pain symptom inventory (NPSI), and pain relief score (PRS).
Results
Seventy-one patients completed the study. On average, after the first 4 sessions, %R was 28% and DPR was 11 days. Fifty-four patients (76%) were responders with a permissive threshold of ≥10%R and 61% (43 patients) with a stringent threshold ≥30%R. After 12 months of treatment (15 sessions) we observed a cumulative effect on %R (48%), DPR (20d), and on the prevailing NPSI sub-score (-28%). This effect reached significance after 4 sessions and was further maintained over 12 months. Across participants, more than 1000 rTMS sessions were delivered over 6 years without any adverse effect.
Conclusion
These results confirm that multiple rTMS sessions are both safe and have potential as a treatment for CNP. An ongoing randomized controlled trial will allow teasing out of this effect from placebo analgesia.Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119081
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > Vol. 99, n° 11 (2018) . - p. 2203-2215[article] Robot-Guided Neuronavigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Central Neuropathic Pain [Article] / Charles Quesada ; Benjamin Pommier ; Camille Fauchon . - p. 2203-2215.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation > Vol. 99, n° 11 (2018) . - p. 2203-2215
Descripteurs : HE Vinci
Nevralgie ; Rééducation et réadaptation ; Stimulation magnétique transcranienneMots-clés : Motor cortex Cortex moteur Neuralgia Transcranial magnetic stimulation Résumé : Objectives
To confirm and extend previous results involving repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) aimed at alleviating refractory central neuropathic pain (CNP). To evaluate pain relief in detail and to assess ongoing benefits after one year of treatment.
Design
Prospective observational study.
Setting
University hospital. Outpatient settings.
Participants
Patients (N=80) with chronic central pain after brain or spinal cord injuries.
Interventions
High-frequency (20Hz) neuronavigated-rTMS sessions were applied on the primary motor cortex using a figure-of-eight coil positioned by a robotized arm. Patients received a minimum of 4 consecutive sessions, each separated by 3-4 weeks.
Main Outcome Measures
Percentage of pain relief (%R), duration of pain relief (DPR), numeric rating scale (NRS), neuropathic pain symptom inventory (NPSI), and pain relief score (PRS).
Results
Seventy-one patients completed the study. On average, after the first 4 sessions, %R was 28% and DPR was 11 days. Fifty-four patients (76%) were responders with a permissive threshold of ≥10%R and 61% (43 patients) with a stringent threshold ≥30%R. After 12 months of treatment (15 sessions) we observed a cumulative effect on %R (48%), DPR (20d), and on the prevailing NPSI sub-score (-28%). This effect reached significance after 4 sessions and was further maintained over 12 months. Across participants, more than 1000 rTMS sessions were delivered over 6 years without any adverse effect.
Conclusion
These results confirm that multiple rTMS sessions are both safe and have potential as a treatment for CNP. An ongoing randomized controlled trial will allow teasing out of this effect from placebo analgesia.Disponible en ligne : Oui En ligne : https://login.ezproxy.vinci.be/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a [...] Permalink : https://bib.vinci.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119081 PermalinkPermalink
