| Titre : | Création de matrices osseuses vascularisées par décellularisation par perfusion |
| Auteurs : | Astrid CEULEMANS, Auteur ; Louis MAISTRIAUX, Promoteur |
| Type de document : | Travail de fin d'études |
| Editeur : | Bruxelles : Institut Paul Lambin, 2020 |
| Langues: | Français |
| Index. décimale : | TFE - Biologie médicale |
| Résumé : |
More than ever, organ transplantation and inherent life-long immunosuppression to avoid rejection is a very current problem. The actual shortage of organ donors combined with the ever increasing number of patients requiring vital organ graft makes it difficult for clinical teams to manage all patients in an optimal way. Also, complications of the immunosuppressive therapy constitute a heavy burden and include increased cardio-vascular diseases risk, immunodeficiency induced tumors, infections, multiple organ failure and require a close clinical and biological surveillance. However, tissue engineering could be a good alternative to these various limitations.
In this project, the samples used are vascularized bone matrices. The development of a vascularized bone model is especially useful for complex bone reconstruction, which currently has limitations. These bone matrices are decellularized by perfusion. This is a tissue engineering process. The efficiency of the decellularization is verified by different experiments: classical histology, fluorescent histology, DNA assay. Then, in order to verify the preservation of the extracellular matrix, various experiments are carried out : matrix protein assays (elastin, collagen, glycosaminoglycans), bone densitometry. Finally, the preservation of the vascular tree is verified via these different experiments: an anatomical study with latex and Cone Beam Computer Tomography. Decellularization is effective. Indeed, the nuclei are no longer visible on histological sections and the DNA assay shows results below the threshold of 50 ng/mg dry tissue. The extracellular matrix is preserved. The overall structure of the tissue/organ is preserved on the histological sections. In addition, the matrix protein assays show an acceptable small decrease. Preservation of the vascular tree is also a success. In the future, since the results of decellularization are good, we will move on to the recellularization of the grafts. Recellularization is done by static plating of samples or by non-dynamic plating in a bioreactor. Recellularization is the last step in tissue engineering. If the results of recellularization are conclusive, implantation of the graft in the patient may be considered. |
| Accès : | Identifiez-vous avant d'accéder au document électronique |
| Disponible en ligne : | Oui |
| Lieu du stage : | Pôle de Morphologie, IREC, Université Catholique de Louvain |
| Département du TFE : | Biologie médicale |
Documents numériques (1)
 TFE biologie médicale Adobe Acrobat PDF |
