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Titre :	Correlations between Auditory Brainstem and Steady-State Responses as a Function of Age, and Severity and Configuration of Hearing Loss (2022)
Auteurs :	Oğuz Yılmaz ; Oğulcan Gündoğdu ; Berna Özge Mutlu ; et al.
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°9-10, October-december 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 431-437
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	auditory steady-state response - auditory brainstem response - hearing loss - hearing configuration
Résumé :	Objective : The aim of this study was to assess whether the age of patients and severity and configuration of hearing loss would impact on the correlations between auditory brainstem response (ABR) and auditory steady-state response (ASSR) results. Methods : ASSR and ABR test results of 806 ears were evaluated retrospectively. Results : The ASSR thresholds correlated significantly with click ABR (c-ABR) thresholds (p  Conclusions : Since c-ABR responses help detect hearing thresholds between 2 and 4 kHz and ASSRs help detect hearing thresholds between 0.5 and 4 kHz, these tests should be complementary when low frequencies are also involved in hearing loss. Otherwise, the outcomes of ABR and ASSR tests seem comparable independent of age of the patients and configuration and severity of hearing loss.
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Titre :	Feasibility of Measuring the Behavioral and Electrophysiological Masking-Level Difference with Nonsense-Syllable Stimuli (2022)
Auteurs :	Lauren K. Dillard ; Emily Wilson ; So Eun Park ; Cynthia G. Fowler ; et al.
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°9-10, October-december 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 438-444
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	masking-level difference - electrophysiology - cortical auditory evoked potentials - audiology
Résumé :	Background : The masking-level difference (MLD) can be measured via voluntary behavioral responses (voluntary behavioral MLD [vMLD]) and/or via electrophysiological cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs; electrophysiological MLD [eMLD]). It may be possible to enhance the ecologic validity of the MLD by using nonsense-syllable speech stimuli. Purpose : The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of measuring both the vMLD and eMLD with speech stimuli. The study also investigates whether certain nonsense-syllable stimuli (/α/, /dα/, /di/, /tα/, /wα/) may be more useful than others in measuring both the vMLD and eMLD. Research Design : This is a descriptive feasibility pilot study. Study Sample : Seventeen young adults (age range 19–26 years; 15 women) with hearing thresholds of 0.25–8.0 kHz ≤ 25 dB HL, bilaterally, were recruited. Data Collection and Analysis : Behavioral and electrophysiological MLDs were measured with similar methods. The MLD was defined as SoNo – SπNo thresholds. Stimuli were natural-sounding nonsense syllables (/α/, /dα/, /di/, /tα/, /wα/), which were presented in 65 dB HL continuous speech-weighted noise. The eMLD was measured with the CAEP P2. Group means, standard deviations, and distributions were presented. The feasibility of using nonsense syllables was evaluated by considering whether measurable vMLDs and eMLDs were produced. Useful nonsense syllables produced vMLDs and eMLDs with (1) comparatively large mean magnitudes, (2) few negligible MLDs, and (3) distributions with adequate spread and few extreme values. Results : The stimuli /α/ (6.0 [1.9]) and /wα/ (7.5 [1.3]) produced vMLDs with the highest average magnitudes, with no vMLDs of 0 dB and with adequate spread. The stimulus /α/ produced eMLDs with the highest average magnitude (9.6 [2.8]), no eMLDs of 0 dB and adequate spread, whereas the stimulus /wα/ produced eMLDs with an adequate magnitude (6.9 [3.9]), no MLDs of 0 dB, but with a right-skewed distribution and an extreme value. The other stimuli produced vMLDs with low mean magnitudes and several vMLDs of 0 dB. Conclusion : These pilot data support the feasibility of using nonsense syllables to record vMLDs and eMLDs. The stimulus /α/ appeared most useful for both behavioral and electrophysiological modalities. Differences in MLDs across modalities may be attributed to low-level audibility of some high-frequency components of the stimuli
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Titre :	Hearing Loss and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profiles: Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2022)
Auteurs :	Rachael R. Baiduc ; Brittany Bogle ; Franklyn Gonzalez II ; et al.
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°9-10, October-december 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 445-459
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	epidemiology - hearing loss - Hispanic/Latino - cardiovascular disease
Résumé :	Background : Individual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (RFs) have been associated with hearing loss (HL). The relationship to aggregate risk is poorly understood and has not been explored in the Hispanic/Latino population. Purpose : The aim of this study was to characterize the association between aggregate CVD RF burden and hearing among Hispanics/Latinos. Research Design : Cross-sectional examination. Study Sample : Participants (18–74 years; n = 12,766) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Data Collection and Analysis : Thresholds (0.5–8 kHz) were obtained, and HL was defined dichotomously as pure-tone average (PTA0.5,1, 2,4) > 25 dB HL. Optimal CVD risk burden was defined as follows: systolic blood pressure (SBP) 160 or DBP > 100 mm Hg (or antihypertensives), and total cholesterol > 240 mg/dL (or statins). Thresholds were estimated by age (18–44 and ≥45 years) and sex using linear regression. The association between CVD risk burden and HL was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Models were adjusted for age, sex, Hispanic/Latino background, center, education, income, alcohol use, body mass index, and noise exposure. Results : In the target population, 53.03% were female and 18.81% and 8.52% had all RFs optimal and ≥2 major RFs, respectively. Elevated BP (SBP 120–139 mm Hg or DBP 80–89 mm Hg) was associated with HL in females  Conclusions : HL is associated with elevated BP in females
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Titre :	The Influence of Cartoon-Soundscape Irrelevant Sound Effects on Young Children's Auditory Processing and Working Memory Skills (2022)
Auteurs :	Pratheeksha B. ; Kishan Madikeri Mohan ; Nitha Thomas ; et al.
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°9-10, October-december 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 460-465
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	auditory perception - working memory - cartoon
Résumé :	Background : Irrelevant sound or speech effect affects an individual's serial recall task of visual and auditory presentations. Cartoon soundscape mimics irrelevant sound effects. A constant and repeated exposure to cartoons in early childhood should influence children's auditory learning or recall performance. Purpose : To investigate the effects of cartoons' soundscape irrelevant sound effects on young children's auditory processing and working memory skills. Research Design : A cross-sectional study was used to observe the influence of the cartoon soundscape irrelevant sound effects on children. Study Sample : Sixty young children having hearing thresholds within 15 dB HL, in the age range 5 to 6 years, exposed to cartoons (Indian plus non-Indian) were considered for the study. Data Collection and Analysis : Pitch pattern test (PPT), duration pattern test (DPT), and Corsi block working memory apparatus were applied to the participants exposed to cartoons. The data obtained were compared statistically in terms of the groups' performances. Results : There was a significant difference in PPT (p = 0.023) and DPT (p = 0.001) between the exposed and nonexposed groups. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the two groups in Corsi block working memory (p > 0.05). Conclusion : Cartoon soundscape irrelevant sound or speech affects young children's auditory processing skills. The visual-spatial recall follows a different developmental pattern in young children without recoding to phonological aspects. It is predicted that our study findings might help determine the ill effects of cartoons on the auditory and language development process.
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Titre :	Assessment of Cochlear Synaptopathy with Standard Clinical Equipment (2022)
Auteurs :	Anne Lobdell ; Tevan Trujillo ; Skyler G. Jennings
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°9-10, October-december 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 466-473
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	acoustic reflex - synaptopathy - cochlear nerve degeneration - middle-ear muscles - hidden hearing lossIntroduction
Résumé :	Background : Tinnitus, hyperacusis, and difficulties listening in background noise may be associated with the loss of auditory nerve fibers known as the condition of cochlear synaptopathy. Multiple research-based tests of auditory function have been developed to identify the potential for synaptopathy in animals and humans, including assessment of the middle-ear muscle reflex (MEMR). Despite these research-based tests, there is no verified method for measuring or identifying the potential for cochlear synaptopathy using standard audiologic equipment. Purpose : The goal of this study was to determine if commonly used audiometric equipment could be configured in a way that approximated the test methods used in the research environment, making it a viable tool in the assessment of patients who present with symptoms consistent with cochlear synaptopathy (tinnitus, hyperacusis, speech-in-noise difficulties). Methods : Laboratory-based and clinically based measures of MEMR strength—as estimated from changes in probe pressure/admittance in response to contralateral noise—were compared for 20 subjects. MEMR strength estimated from laboratory equipment increased with increasing intensity of the contralateral noise elicitor. Results and Conclusions : A moderate positive correlation was found between laboratory- and clinically based measures of MEMR strength. This correlation supports the hypothesis that commonly used clinical equipment can be employed to assess the potential for cochlear synaptopathy in patients who present with the associated symptoms.
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Titre :	Auditory Short-Term Memory Evaluation in Noise in Musicians (2022)
Auteurs :	Büşra Nur Eser ; Büşra Nur Eser ; Mustafa Bülent Serbetçioglu
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°7-8, July-September 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 375-380
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	working memory - memory - short-term - music - pupil - noise
Résumé :	Background : Working memory, a short-term memory component, is a multicomponent system that manages attention and short-term memory in speech perception in challenging listening conditions. These challenging conditions cause listening effort that can be objectively evaluated by pupillometry. Studies show that auditory working memory is more developed in musicians for complex auditory tasks. Purpose : This study aims to compare the listening effort and short-term memory in noise between musicians and nonmusicians. Research : Design An experimental research design was adopted for the study. Study Sample : The study was conducted on 22 musicians and 20 nonmusicians between the ages of 20 and 45. Data Collection and Analysis : Participants' effort analysis was measured with pupillometry; performance analysis was measured with short-term memory score by listening to the 15 word lists of Verbal Memory Processes Test. Participants are tested under three conditions: quiet, +15 signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and +5 SNR. Results : While nonmusicians showed significantly higher short-term memory score (STMS) than musicians in the quiet condition, musicians' STMS were significantly higher in both noise conditions (+15 SNR and +5 SNR). The nonmusician's percentage of pupil growth averages were higher than the musicians for three conditions. Conclusion : As a result, musicians had better memory performance in noise and less effort in the listening task according to lower pupil growth. This study objectively evaluated the differences between participants' listening efforts by pupillometry. It is also observed that the SNR and music training affect memory performance.
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Titre :	Wideband tympanometry findings in healthy neonates (2022)
Auteurs :	Sreedevi Aithal ; Venkatesh Aithal ; Joseph Kei ; Matthew Wilson
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°7-8, July-September 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 381-389
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	wideband absorbance - wideband tympanometry - neonates
Résumé :	Objectives : The objective of the present study was to describe pressurized wideband absorbance at tympanometric peak pressure (WBATPP) and 0 daPa (WBA0) in healthy Caucasian neonates. Subjects : A total of 249 ears from 249 neonates who passed a test battery of 1,000-Hz tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions and automated auditory brainstem response were included in the study. Method WBATPP and WBA0 were averaged in one-third octave frequencies from 0.25 to 8 kHz. Data were statistically analyzed for effects of frequency, ear, and gender. Results : Normative WBATPP and WBA0 data obtained from healthy neonates are presented. There was no significant difference between WBATPP and WBA0 at all frequencies. Both WBATPP and WBA0 demonstrated a multipeaked pattern with maxima of 0.80 and 0.72 at 1.25 to 1.5 and 6 kHz, respectively, and two minima of 0.45 and 0.49 at 0.4 to 0.5 and 4 kHz, respectively. The effects of ear and gender were not significant for both WBA measures. Conclusion : Pressurized WBATPP and WBA0 data were provided for healthy Caucasian neonates. They will be useful for the assessment of middle ear function and assist in differentiating between conductive and sensorineural hearing losses in neonates.
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Titre :	The Relationship between Speech Perception in Quiet and in Noise for Young Adults with Pure-Tone Thresholds
Auteurs :	Andrew J. Vermiglio ; Hannah R. Osborne ; Elizabeth Bonilla ; et al.
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°7-8, July-September 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 390-395
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	speech recognition in noise - speech perception - diagnostics
Résumé :	Background : The standard audiological protocol utilizes quiet measures. However, it has been noted that speech recognition in noise (SRN) testing provides information that cannot be inferred from quiet measures. Purpose : The purpose of this convergent validity study was to investigate the relationships between behavioral responses in quiet and in noise. Research Design : Bilateral pure-tone averages (BPTA) were calculated for thresholds from 500 to 6000 Hz. The Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) thresholds in quiet (HINT-Q) were also measured. SRN performances were determined using the HINT Noise Front (HINT-F) condition and the AzBio test. The HINT-F uses steady-state speech-shaped noise and the AzBio uses a 10-talker babble. All conditions were randomized. Study Sample : Fifty young, native English-speaking females with pure-tone thresholds less than or equal to 25 dB HL participated in this study. The average age of the participants was 20.5 years (standard deviation = 1.47). Data Collection and Analysis : Pearson correlation coefficients were used to quantify the relationships between all measures. Results : Statistically significant relationships were found between HINT-Q thresholds versus BPTA (0.5–6.0 kHz) (r = 0.62, p
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Titre :	Static Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) in Patients with Vestibular Migraine (2022)
Auteurs :	Jamie M. Bogle ; Ashley Zaleski-King ; Nicholas Deep ; et al.
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°7-8, July-September 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 396-404
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	vestibular - migraine - otolith - vertical
Résumé :	Background : Vestibular migraine (VM) is one of the common causes of episodic dizziness, but it is underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Previous research suggests that otolith reflex pathway performance is often impaired in this patient group, leading to altered perception of roll plane stimuli. Clinically, this perception can be measured with subjective visual vertical (SVV) testing. Purpose : The aim of this study is to compare static SVV performance (absolute mean SVV tilt, variance) in a cohort of patients diagnosed with VM to results obtained from clinically derived normative data. Study Design : Retrospective case review. Study Sample : Ninety-four consecutive patients between 18 and 65 years of age diagnosed with VM were included in this comparison to clinically derived normative data. Data Collection and Analysis : Retrospective chart review was completed. Demographic data, symptom report, and vestibular laboratory results were documented. SVV performance was documented in terms of absolute mean SVV tilt and response variance. Results : Abnormal mean SVV tilt was described in 54% (n = 51) of patients with VM. Including abnormal response variance increased those identified with abnormal presentation to 67% (n = 63). Laboratory findings were insignificant for semicircular canal function, but of those with abnormal ocular vestibular myogenic potential results (n = 30), 77% (n = 23) demonstrated both abnormal SVV and utriculo-ocular reflex performance. There were no associations noted for SVV performance and demographic or other self-report variables. Conclusion : Absolute mean SVV tilt and response variance are often abnormal in patients diagnosed with VM. These findings support theories suggesting atypical intralabyrinthine integration within the vestibular nuclei and cerebellar nodular pathways.
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Titre :	The Effectiveness of Unguided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus for Patients with Tinnitus Alone or Combined with Hyperacusis and/or Misophonia: A Preliminary Analysis (2022)
Auteurs :	Hashir Aazh ; Lauren Taylor ; Ali A. Danesh ; Brian C. J. Moore
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°7-8, July-September 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 405-416
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	tinnitus - CBT - telehealth - hyperacusis - misophonia
Résumé :	Background : In the United Kingdom, audiologist-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a key intervention to alleviate the distress caused by tinnitus and its comorbid hyperacusis. However, the availability of face-to-face CBT is limited, and such therapy involves significant costs. CBT provided via the internet provides a potential solution to improve access to CBT for tinnitus. Purpose : The aim was to perform a preliminary assessment of the effect of a specific program of nonguided internet-based CBT for tinnitus, denoted iCBT(T), in alleviating the problems caused by tinnitus alone or tinnitus combined with hyperacusis. Research Design : This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Study Sample : The data for 28 people with tinnitus who completed the iCBT(T) program and answered a series of questions about their tinnitus and hearing status were included in the study. Twelve patients also reported having hyperacusis (including five also with misophonia). Data Collection and Analysis : The iCBT(T) program has seven self-help modules. Anonymous data were collected retrospectively from patients' answers to the questions in the iCBT(T) initial and final assessment modules. Questionnaires administered within the iCBT(T) program were: 4C Tinnitus Management Questionnaire (4C), Screening for Anxiety and Depression in Tinnitus (SAD-T), and the CBT Effectiveness Questionnaire (CBT-EQ). Results : Responses to the 4C showed a significant improvement from pre- to posttreatment, with a medium effect size. The mean improvement was similar for those with and without hyperacusis. Responses to the SAD-T questionnaire also showed a significant improvement from pre- to posttreatment with a medium effect size. The improvement was significantly greater for participants with tinnitus alone than for participants who also had hyperacusis. For both the 4C and the SAD-T, the improvements were not significantly related to age or gender. Participants' views of the effectiveness of the iCBT(T) program were assessed using the CBT-EQ. The mean score was 50 out of a maximum of 80, indicating moderately high effectiveness. CBT-EQ scores did not differ for those with and without hyperacusis. Conclusion : Based on this preliminary analysis, the iCBT(T) program showed promising results in improving the ability to manage tinnitus and decreasing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Future studies with larger samples and control group(s) are required to further assess various aspects of this program.
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Titre :	The Effect of Hearing Aids on Sound Localization in Mild Unilateral Conductive Hearing Loss (2022)
Auteurs :	Ofir Zavdy ; Leah Fostick ; Nir Fink ; Shir Danin ; Aviya Levin ; Noga Lipschitz ; Ohad Hilly
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°6, June 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 357 - 363
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Localisation auditive ; Perte auditive unilatérale (USNHL) ; Surdité de transmission
Résumé :	Binaural hearing is of utmost importance for communicating in noisy surroundings and localizing the direction of sound. Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) affects the quality of life in both childhood and adulthood, speech development, and academic achievements. Sound amplification using air-conducting hearing aids (HAs) is a common option for hearing rehabilitation of UHL. The processing time of digital HAs can significantly delay the acoustic stimulation in 3 to 10 milliseconds, which is far longer than the maximal natural interaural time difference (ITD) of 750 microseconds. This can further impair spatial localization in these patients. We sought to assess whether HA effects on ITD and interaural level difference (ILD) impair localization among subjects with unilateral conductive hearing loss (UCHL). Research Design  “Normal”-hearing participants underwent localization testing in different free field settings. Ten volunteers with “normal”-hearing thresholds participated. Repeated assessments were compared between “normal” (binaural) hearing, UCHL induced by insertion of an inactivated HA to the ear canal (conductive HL), and amplification with a HA. In UCHL mode, with HA switched-off, localization was significantly impaired compared to “normal” hearing (NH; η2 = 0.151). Localization error was more pronounced when sound was presented from the front and from the side of the occluded ear. When switched-on, amplification with HAs significantly improved localization for all participants compared to UCHL. Better localization with HAs was seen in high frequencies compared to low frequencies (η2 = 0.08, 0.03). Even with HAs, localization did not reach that of NH (η2 = 0.034). Mild UCHL caused localization to deteriorate. HAs significantly improved sound localization, albeit the delay caused by the device processing time. Most of the improvements were seen in high-frequency sounds, representing a beneficial effect of amplification on ILD. Our results have potential clinical value in situations of mild CHL, for instance, otitis media with effusion.
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Département du TFE :	Audiologie
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Titre :	Examination of Language, Behavioral, Academic, and Social Skills of Cochlear Implant Users in Early Primary Education (2022)
Auteurs :	Merve Ikiz ; Esra Yücel
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°6, June 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 349 - 356
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Approche comportementale ; Compétence linguistique ; Compétence scolaire ; Compétences sociales ; Enfant (6-12 ans) ; Enfant implanté
Résumé :	Background:Cochlear implants (CIs) improve spoken language skills as well as social and academic performance in children with severe and profound sensorineural hearing loss. Purpose : We compare the social skills, academic competence, and problem behaviors in children with CIs and their typical-hearing peers and investigate the relationship between language skills and social skills, academic competence, and problem behaviors in children with CIs. Research Design : Thirty-two children with CIs were divided into two groups according to implantation age: early and late-implanted group. The control group was formed by the inclusion of five same-sex classmates of each implanted child selected by the teachers of the children with CIs. Thus, 160 typical-hearing children were included in the control group. Study Sample:  Thirty-two children with CIs and 160 typical-hearing children participated in this study. Data collection and analysis : Primary school teachers rated the children's social skills, academic competence, and problem behaviors using the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS). The language skills of the children with CIs were assessed with the Turkish Expressive and Receptive Language Test (TIFALDI). Results:A statistically significant difference was found between the SSRS scores of the study and control groups, which was mostly due to lower social skills, and academic competence, and higher problem behavior ratings in the late-implanted group. In the study group, there was a statistically significant correlation between TIFALDI and SSRS scores. Conclusion : Early cochlear implantation provides advantages in social skills and vocabulary for children with profound congenital hearing loss. Late-implanted children need special support in different developmental areas despite attending mainstream education.
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Titre :	Working Memory for Faces among Individuals with Congenital Deafness (2022)
Auteurs :	Eyal Heled, Auteur ; Maayon Ohayon, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°6, June 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 342 - 348
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Mémoire à court terme Autres descripteurs Surdité congénitale ou héréditaire
Mots-clés:	the N-back test
Résumé :	Background : Studies examining face processing among individuals with congenital deafness show inconsistent results that are often accounted for by sign language skill. However, working memory for faces as an aspect of face processing has not yet been examined in congenital deafness. Purpose : To explore working memory for faces among individuals with congenital deafness who are skilled in sign language. Research Design:  A quasi-experimental study of individuals with congenital deafness and a control group. Study Sample : Sixteen individuals with congenital deafness who are skilled in sign language and 18 participants with intact hearing, matched for age, and education. Intervention : The participants performed two conditions of the N-back test in ascending difficulty (i.e., 1-back and 2-back). Data Collection and Analysis  Levene's and Shapiro–Wilk tests were used to assess group homoscedasticity and normality, respectively. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was applied to compare the groups in response time and accuracy of the N-back test, as well as Pearson correlation between response time and accuracy, and sign language skill duration. Results : The congenital deafness group performed better than controls, as was found in the response time but not in the accuracy variables. However, an interaction effect showed that this pattern was significant for the 1-back but not for the 2-back condition in the response time but not the accuracy. Further, there was a marginal effect in response time but a significant one in accuracy showing the 2-back was performed worse than the 1-back. No significant correlation was found between response time and accuracy, and sign language skill duration. Conclusion:  Face processing advantage associated with congenital deafness is dependent on cognitive load, but sign language duration does not affect this trend. In addition, response time and accuracy are not equally sensitive to performance differences in the N-back test.
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Titre :	Remote-Microphone Benefit in Noise and Reverberation for Children Who are Hard of Hearing (2022)
Auteurs :	Dawna E. Lewis ; Meredith Spratford ; G. Christopher Stecker ; Ryan W. McCreery
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°6, June 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 330 - 341
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Compréhension dans le bruit ; Enfant (6-12 ans) ; Microphone à distance sans fil (RM) ; Surdite partielle Autres descripteurs Reverberation
Résumé :	Background : Remote-microphone (RM) systems are designed to reduce the impact of poor acoustics on speech understanding. However, there is limited research examining the effects of adding reverberation to noise on speech understanding when using hearing aids (HAs) and RM systems. Given the significant challenges posed by environments with poor acoustics for children who are hard of hearing, we evaluated the ability of a novel RM system to address the effects of noise and reverberation. Purpose : We assessed the effect of a recently developed RM system on aided speech perception of children who were hard of hearing in noise and reverberation and how their performance compared to peers who are not hard of hearing (i.e., who have hearing thresholds no greater than 15 dB HL). The effect of aided speech audibility on sentence recognition when using an RM system also was assessed. Study Sample:  Twenty-two children with mild to severe hearing loss and 17 children who were not hard of hearing (i.e., with hearing thresholds no greater than 15 dB HL) (7–18 years) participated. Data Collection and Analysis : An adaptive procedure was used to determine the signal-to-noise ratio for 50 and 95% correct sentence recognition in noise and noise plus reverberation (RT 300 ms). Linear mixed models were used to examine the effect of listening conditions on speech recognition with RMs for both groups of children and the effects of aided audibility on performance across all listening conditions for children who were hard of hearing. Results : Children who were hard of hearing had poorer speech recognition for HAs alone than for HAs plus RM. Regardless of hearing status, children had poorer speech recognition in noise plus reverberation than in noise alone. Children who were hard of hearing had poorer speech recognition than peers with thresholds no greater than 15 dB HL when using HAs alone but comparable or better speech recognition with HAs plus RM. Children with better-aided audibility with the HAs showed better speech recognition with the HAs alone and with HAs plus RM. Conclusion : Providing HAs that maximize speech audibility and coupling them with RM systems has the potential to improve communication access and outcomes for children who are hard of hearing in environments with noise and reverberation.
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Titre :	Audiological Findings in Children with PLA2G6-Associated Neurodegeneration (2022)
Auteurs :	Valiyaparambath Purushothaman Vandana ; Jeevendra Kumar Darshini ; Bindu Parayil Sankaran
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°6, June 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 324 - 329
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Dystrophie neuroaxonale infantile ; Emissions oto-acoustiques à produit de distorsion (DPOAE) ; Impédancemétrie ; Maladies neurodégénératives ; Neuropathie auditive (NA) ; Potentiels évoqués auditifs du tronc cérébral (ABR) ; Surdité neurosensorielle (SNHL) ; Tympanométrie
Résumé :	Background : Audiological manifestations of patients with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration are limited. Objective : To analyze the audiological findings in a cohort of 13 children with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD). Method : Patients underwent a battery of audiological tests including tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, impedance audiometry, and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEPs). Results : Audiological studies of 13 children indicated sensorineural hearing loss in six children and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in four children. Conclusion : This study may extend the auditory findings for INAD. Additional studies on quality of life and cognitive-brain degeneration related to this disease are required before making appropriate recommendations for aural rehabilitation.
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Titre :	Listening Effort in Hearing Aid Users: Is It Related to Hearing Aid Use and Satisfaction? (2022)
Auteurs :	Samet Kiliç ; Öznur Yigit ; Meral Türkyilmaz
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°6, June 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 316 - 323
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Effort d'écoute ; Satisfaction de l'aide auditive ; Vécu de l'appareillé ; Vécu du patient
Résumé :	Background : Listening effort is primarily reflective of real-world performance. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the listening effort to predict the performance of hearing aid (HA) users in their daily lives. Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between listening effort, daily HA use time, and HA satisfaction. Research Design : This is a cross-sectional study. Study Sample :  Thirty-three bilateral behind-the-ear HA users (17 females and 16 males) between 19 and 37 years were participated. All participants had bilateral, symmetric, moderate sensorineural hearing loss and at least 6 months of experience using HAs. The pure-tone average thresholds (PTA) of the participants' left and right ears were 55.34 ± 4.38 and 54.85 ± 5.05, respectively. Data Collection and Analysis : First, daily HA use times of the last 30 days were derived from data logging. Second, participants were asked to fill in the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life Scale questionnaire (SADL). Lastly, participants performed the dual-task paradigm to evaluate listening effort. The dual-task paradigm consisted of a primary speech recognition task that included three different individualized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, that is, SNR100, SNR80, and SNR50, which the participant could understand 100, 80, and 50% of the speech, respectively. The secondary task was a visual reaction time task that required participants to press the key in response to a visual probe (an image of a white or red rectangle). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to model the effect of factors (daily HA use time and HA satisfaction) on reaction times (RT) of each three individualized SNR sessions. Results:  Mean daily HA use time of the participants was 5.72 ± 4.14 hours. Mean RTs of SNR50, SNR80, and SNR100 conditions were 1,050.61 ± 286.49, 893.33 ± 274.79, and 815.45 ± 233.22 ms, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that daily HA use time and HA satisfaction are significantly related to listening effort in all SNR conditions. For SNR80 condition; F (2,30) = 47.699, p  Conclusion : As far as we know, this study is the first to demonstrate a strong link between listening effort, daily HA use time, and HA satisfaction. Evaluating listening effort following the HA fitting session may provide preliminary information about the treatment success of HA.
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Titre :	Psychometric Evaluation of the Hyperacusis Impact Questionnaire (HIQ) and Sound Sensitivity Symptoms Questionnaire (SSSQ) Using a Clinical Population of Adult Patients with Tinnitus Alone or Combined with Hyperacusis (2022)
Auteurs :	Hashir Aazh ; Chloe Hayes ; Brian C. J. Moore ; Ali A. Danesh ; Silia Vitoratou ; Hashir Aazh
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 248-258
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1780-4002
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acouphène ; Enquêtes et questionnaires ; Hyperacousie ; Psychométrie ; Sensibilité auditive
Résumé :	Background Hyperacusis can be defined as an intolerance of certain everyday sounds, which are perceived as too loud or uncomfortable and which cause significant distress and impairment in the individual's day-to-day activities. It is important to assess symptoms of sound intolerance and their impact on the patient's life, so as to evaluate the need for treatment and to assess the effectiveness of treatments. Purpose The aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Hyperacusis Impact Questionnaire (HIQ), and the Sound Sensitivity Symptoms Questionnaire (SSSQ). The 8-item HIQ focuses on assessing the impact of hyperacusis on the patient, while the 5-item SSSQ is designed to assess the type and severity of sound intolerance symptoms. Research Design This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Study Sample In total, 266 consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Clinic in the United Kingdom within a 6-month period. Fifty-five percent were female. The average age was 54 years (standard deviation = 16 years). Data Collection and Analysis Data were collected retrospectively from the records of patients held at the audiology department. Audiological measures were pure-tone audiometry and Uncomfortable Loudness Levels (ULLs). Questionnaires administered in addition to the HIQ and SSSQ were: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ), and Screening for Anxiety and Depression in Tinnitus. Results Exploratory factor analysis suggested one-factor solutions for both the HIQ and SSSQ. Multiple-causes multiple-indicators (MIMIC) models showed some small influences of gender but negligible effects of age for both the HIQ and SSSQ. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis showed no significant effects of covariates on the ROC curves. Cronbach's α was 0.93 for the HIQ, and 0.87 for the SSSQ, indicating high internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported by moderate correlations between HQ and HIQ scores and between SSSQ scores and ULLs. Conclusion The HIQ and SSSQ are internally consistent questionnaires that can be used in clinical and research settings.
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Titre :	Effects of Age and Middle Ear on the Frequency Tuning of the cVEMP and oVEMP (2022)
Auteurs :	Erin G. Piker ; Daniel J. Romero ; Raghav Hira Jha
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 259-269
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1747910
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Fréquence sonore ; Oreille moyenne ; Potentiels évoqués vestibulaires myogéniques (cVEMP) (mVEMP) (oVEMP) ; Système vestibulaire ; Transmission du son ; Vieillissement
Résumé :	Background : Upward shift in the air conducted (AC) frequency tuning of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) as an effect of aging is hypothesized to be due to the microstructural stiffening changes in the inner ear. However, with an AC stimulus, it may be possible that the shift in the frequency tuning of VEMPs as an effect of aging may also be due to contributions from the middle ear. Purpose : The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of age on the frequency tuning of the cervical VEMP (cVEMP) and ocular VEMP (oVEMP) and determine the role of middle ear transmission characteristics in shaping these effects. Research Design : tandard group comparison. Study Sample : One-hundred seven participants divided in three groups: young adult, middle-age, and older adults with “normal” middle ear and negative history of neurological or vestibular complaints. Data Collection and Analyses : Middle ear measures included static admittance and middle ear resonant frequency. cVEMP and oVEMPs were elicited with AC tone bursts at 500, 750, and 1,000 Hz. Results : No significant effect of age was observed on any of the middle ear measures. There was a significant effect of age on the amplitude of the cVEMP, but this effect was frequency specific. The age-related reduction in cVEMP corrected amplitude was only observed when the eliciting stimulus was 500 or 750 Hz, with no significant effect observed with a 1,000 Hz stimulus. For the oVEMP, the effects of age were apparent at all stimulus frequencies. We also observed a general upward shift in the frequency tuning of both the cVEMP and oVEMP for middle-age and older adults, with 750 and 1,000 Hz yielding higher response rates and larger amplitudes among middle-aged and older adults. Measurements of middle ear did not significantly contribute to the observed findings. Conclusions : The upward shift in frequency tuning of VEMPs among middle age and older adults could be due to the changes in the vestibular system and not from the middle ear. These results support the use of different frequency stimuli (i.e., 750 or 1,000 Hz) to elicit a VEMP if a response is absent using a 500 Hz stimulus, especially in patients over the age of 40.
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Titre :	Ego-resiliency and Tinnitus Annoyance (2022)
Auteurs :	Joanna Kobosko ; Malgorzata Fludra ; Justyna Paluchowska ; Henryk Skarzynski ; Elżbieta Gos
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 270-276
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1804-6601
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acouphène ; Émotions ; Psychologie ; Résilience psychologique
Mots-clés:	Ego-résilience
Résumé :	Background Tinnitus is a common and, in many cases, chronic condition. Coping with a chronic ailment is a long-term process, which also depends on the personality of the individual. One important personality resource is ego-resiliency, that is, how flexible the person is in adapting to the impulse to control their environment. Purpose The aim of the study was to determine whether ego-resiliency affects the perceived level of tinnitus annoyance. Research Design This was a questionnaire study combined with a retrospective analysis of medical data. Study Sample The study involved 176 people with diagnosed chronic tinnitus who volunteered to participate (53 men and 123 women aged 31–80 years). Data Collection and Analysis The following tools were used: Ego-Resiliency Scale to measure ego-resiliency, Tinnitus Functional Index to assess the impact of tinnitus on daily life, and a survey of sociodemographics and tinnitus history. Results The conducted research showed that men had higher ego-resiliency than women. Older subjects (older than 60 years) had higher ego-resiliency than younger ones. There was a negative correlation between ego-resiliency and the perceived annoyance of tinnitus. Regression analysis showed that a person's ability to cope and to tolerate negative emotions were the only factors of ego-resiliency that were a significant predictor of tinnitus annoyance. Conclusion People with a high level of personal ability to cope and to tolerate negative emotions are likely to experience decreased tinnitus annoyance. Ego-resiliency levels should be considered when diagnosing and planning interventions for people with tinnitus. In psychological intervention programs for people with tinnitus, it is worthwhile developing ego-resiliency, paying particular attention to positive emotions which are crucial in building it. Research should be continued on other personal resources affecting perceived tinnitus annoyance.
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Titre :	Venting Corrections Improve the Accuracy of Coupler-Based Simulated Real-Ear Verification for Use with Adult Hearing Aid Fittings (2022)
Auteurs :	Paula Folkeard ; John Pumford ; Parvaneh Abbasalipour ; Jonathan Pietrobon ; Susan Scollie
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 277-284
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1808-1275
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Real ear to coupler difference (RECD) ; Ventilation Autres descripteurs Real ear aided response
Résumé :	Background Hearing aid responses can be verified with the Real-Ear Aided Response (REAR). Procedures for predicting the REAR from coupler-based verification exist, but have not incorporated corrections for venting, limiting their use and validity for vented and open fittings. A commercially available system for including venting effects in simulated real-ear measurement (S-REM) has recently been developed. Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of a vent-corrected S-REM for predicting the REAR across test levels, for fittings with a wide range of coupling styles including modular domes. Research Design This was a within-subject comparison study using technical measures. Retrospective file review was used to obtain previously measured REARs from 104 fittings in 52 adults and three hearing aid styles. Prospective data collection was used to re-measure each fitting at three test levels using S-REM with and without venting corrections. Comparison of differences by frequency band was performed to assess the impact of the venting correction. Results The vent model reduced low-frequency error by up to 11 dB, and the effects were consistent with the expected effects of venting in hearing aid fitting: fittings with more open dome or tip styles had a larger improvement when the vent model was added. A larger sample of fittings was obtained for dome/sleeve couplings than for custom fittings. Conclusions The vent-corrected S-REM system evaluated in this study provides improved fitting accuracy for dome or sleeve-fitted hearing aids for adults and supports the use of vented S-REM for open fittings. Further studies to examine a representative sample of custom tip or mold fittings, and fittings for children are future directions.
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Titre :	The Effect of Multichannel and Channel-Free Hearing Aids on Spectral-Temporal Resolution and Speech Understanding in Noise (2022)
Auteurs :	Eyyup Kara ; Mert Kiliç
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 285-292
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1817-6840
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aide auditive multicanale ; Aides auditives ; Bruit ; Compréhension du langage oral ; Résolution spectrale Autres descripteurs Resolution temporelle
Mots-clés:	Channel-free
Résumé :	Background Identifying and understanding speech is difficult for individuals with sensorineural hearing loss, especially in noisy environments. Possible causes include less audibility of the signal, impaired temporal resolution, and low selectivity of frequency. The hearing aid is the most common option used to minimize the problems faced by individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Purpose This article investigates the effects of multichannel and channel-free hearing aid signal processing techniques on spectral-temporal resolution and speech understanding in noise. Research Design An experimental study was used in which the determined tests were applied to the participants. Study Sample Thirty-four individuals with bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss between the ages of 18 and 70 were included in our study. Data Collection and Analysis Spectral-temporally modulated ripple test, random gap detection test (RGDT), and Turkish matrix test were applied to the participants using multichannel and channel-free hearing aids. All the data obtained were compared statistically in terms of the performances of the hearing aids. Results There was no significant difference between multichannel and channel-free hearing aids for spectral resolution and speech understanding in noise tests (p > 0.05). While there was no significant difference between the two hearing aids for 500 and 4,000 Hz RGDT in temporal resolution measurement (p > 0.05), for 1,000 Hz (p = 0.045), 2,000 Hz (p = 0.046), and composite RGDT (p = 0.001), statistically significant better performances were obtained with the channel-free hearing aids. Conclusion It is thought that faster processing of the incoming signal in the channel-free hearing aids improves the temporal resolution performance. It is predicted that our study findings might help to determine the signal processing technique that will maximize the communication skills of the patients in various conditions.
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Titre :	Change Resistance and Clinical Practice Strategies in Audiology (2022)
Auteurs :	Diana C. Emanuel ; Nhung Hendy ; Nicholas S. Reed ; Jessica R. Wince
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 293-300
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1840-9737
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Audiologie ; Audiologues ; Culture organisationnelle ; Résistance au changement ; Tarification
Résumé :	Background Audiology is experiencing pressure from market forces that may change the profession's nature. Research suggests that understanding resistance needs to change and organizational culture may provide insights that can facilitate change. Purpose This study was designed to examine audiologists' resistance to change, organizational culture, and clinical practices related to hearing aid pricing and audiology assistants. Research Design This study utilized a cross-sectional and nonexperimental survey design. Study Sample Participants were 205 U.S. audiologists, representing diversity across experience, work setting, and location. Data Collection This survey examined demographics and clinical practice strategies. Resistance to change (RTC) scale examined disposition toward change. Organizational culture profile (OCP) examined organizational culture perspectives. Results The majority (52%) of respondents use bundled pricing but 42% of these repondents anticipate transitioning to unbundling. Use of hybrid pricing is increasing. Service-extender personnel were reported by 41%. Although the majority (66%) do not work with audiology assistants currently, 32% of these participants anticipate they will do so in the future. Results indicated lower RTC and greater years of experience were associated with more positive perceptions about organizational culture. Pricing structure was related to experience. Conclusion Trends indicate use of bundled pricing is decreasing, use of hybrid pricing is increasing, and employment of audiology assistants is increasing. Experienced audiologists are more likely to report unbundled and hybrid pricing compared with less experienced audiologists.
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Titre :	The Maturation of the Acoustic Change Complex in Response to Iterated Ripple Noise in ‘Normal’-Hearing Infants, Toddlers, and Adults (2022)
Auteurs :	Susan A. Small ; S. Chan ; D. Y. Tian ; M. Sharma ; S. Strahm
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°5, May 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 301-310
Note générale :	https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1862-0198
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Bruit ; Enfant d'âge préscolaire (2-5 ans) ; Nourrisson ; Stimulation acoustique Autres descripteurs Changement acoustique complexe (ACC) ; Maturation
Résumé :	Background Infants and toddlers are still being evaluated for their hearing sensitivity but not their auditory-processing skills. Iterated rippled noise (IRN) stimuli require the auditory system to utilize the temporal periodicity and autocorrelate the iterations to perceive pitch. Purpose This study investigated the acoustic change complex (ACC) elicited by IRN in “normal”-hearing infants, toddlers, and adults to determine the maturation of cortical processing of IRN stimuli. Design Cortical responses to filtered white noise (onset) concatenated with IRN stimuli (d = 10 milliseconds, gain = 0.7 dB: 4–32 iterations) were recorded in quiet, alert participants. Study Sample Participants included 25 infants (2.5–15 months), 27 toddlers (22–59 months), and 8 adults (19–25 years) with “normal” hearing sensitivity. Data Collection and Analysis Cortical auditory-evoked responses were recorded for each participant, including the onset response to the noise and an ACC to the transition from noise to IRN. Group differences were assessed using repeated-measures analyses of variance. Results Most infants had a replicable onset (P) response, while only about half had a measurable ACC (PACC) response to the high-saliency IRN condition. Most toddlers had onset responses and showed a P-NACC response to the IRN16 and IRN32 conditions. Most of the toddler group had responses present to the onset and showed a P-NACC response to all IRN conditions. Toddlers and adults showed similar P-NACC amplitudes; however, adults showed an increase in N1ACC amplitude with increase in IRN iterations (i.e., increased salience). Conclusion While cortical responses to the percept of sound as determined by the onset response (P) to a stimulus are present in most infants, ACC responses to IRN stimuli are not mature in infancy. Most toddlers as young as 22 months, however, exhibited ACC responses to the IRN stimuli even when the pitch saliency was low (e.g., IRN4). The findings of the current study have implications for future research when investigating maturational effects on ACC and the optimal choice of stimuli.
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Titre :	Suprathresold Auditory Measures for Detecting Early-Stage Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Young Adults (2022)
Auteurs :	Ishan S. Bhatt ; Nilesh Washnik ; Ali Torkamani
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 185-195
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Bruit ; Compréhension dans le bruit ; Potentiel évoqué auditif (PEA) ; Surdité due au bruit ; synaptopathie cochléaire
Résumé :	Background Over 1 billion young adults are at risk for developing noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) due to their habit of listening to music at loud levels. The gold standard for detecting NIHL is the audiometric notch around 3,000 to 6,000 Hz observed in pure tone audiogram. However, recent studies suggested that suprathreshold auditory measures might be more sensitive to detect early-stage NIHL in young adults. Purpose  The present study compared suprathreshold measures in individuals with high and low noise exposure backgrounds (NEBs). We hypothesized that individuals with high NEB would exhibit reduced performance on suprathreshold measures than those with low NEB. Study sample  An initial sample of 100 English-speaking healthy adults (18–35 years; females = 70) was obtained from five university classes. We identified 15 participants with the lowest NEB scores (10 females) and 15 participants with the highest NEB scores (10 females). We selected a sample of healthy young adults with no history of middle ear infection, and those in the low NEB group were selected with no history of impulse noise exposure. Data collection and analysis  The study included conventional audiometry, extended high-frequency audiometry, middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR) thresholds, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), QuickSIN, and suprathreshold auditory brainstem response (ABR) measures. We used independent sample t-tests, correlation coefficients, and linear mixed model analysis to compare the audiometric measures between the NEB groups. Results  The prevalence of audiometric notch was low in the study sample, even for individuals with high NEB. We found that: (1) individuals with high NEB revealed significantly reduced QuickSIN performance than those with low NEB; (2) music exposure via earphone revealed a significant association with QuickSIN; (3) individuals with high NEB revealed significantly reduced DPOAEs and ABR wave I amplitude compared with individuals with low NEB; (4) MEMR and ABR latency measures showed a modest association with NEB; and (5) audiometric thresholds across the frequency range did not show statistically significant association with NEB. Conclusion  Our results suggest that young adults with high NEB might exhibit impaired peripheral neural coding deficits leading to reduced speech-in-noise (SIN) performance despite clinically normal hearing thresholds. SIN measures might be more sensitive than audiometric notch for detecting early-stage NIHL in young adults.
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Titre :	Low-Level Speech Recognition of Children with Hearing Aids (2022)
Auteurs :	Jace Wolfe ; Mila Duke ; Sharon E. Miller ; Erin Schafer ; Christine Jones ; Lori Rakita ; Andrea Dunn ; Jarrod Battles ; Sara Neumann ; Jacy Manning
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 196-205
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Evaluation de l'aide auditive ; Reconnaissance de la parole
Résumé :	Background For children with hearing loss, the primary goal of hearing aids is to provide improved access to the auditory environment within the limits of hearing aid technology and the child's auditory abilities. However, there are limited data examining aided speech recognition at very low (40 decibels A [dBA]) and low presentation levels. Purpose Due to the paucity of studies exploring aided speech recognition at low presentation levels for children with hearing loss, the present study aimed to (1) compare aided speech recognition at different presentation levels between groups of children with “normal” hearing and hearing loss, (2) explore the effects of aided pure tone average and aided Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) on aided speech recognition at low presentation levels for children with hearing loss ranging in degree from mild to severe, and (3) evaluate the effect of increasing low-level gain on aided speech recognition of children with hearing loss. Research Design In phase 1 of this study, a two-group, repeated-measures design was used to evaluate differences in speech recognition. In phase 2 of this study, a single-group, repeated-measures design was used to evaluate the potential benefit of additional low-level hearing aid gain for low-level aided speech recognition of children with hearing loss. Study Sample The first phase of the study included 27 school-age children with mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss and 12 school-age children with “normal” hearing. The second phase included eight children with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Intervention Prior to the study, children with hearing loss were fitted binaurally with digital hearing aids. Children in the second phase were fitted binaurally with digital study hearing aids and completed a trial period with two different gain settings: (1) gain required to match hearing aid output to prescriptive targets (i.e., primary program), and (2) a 6-dB increase in overall gain for low-level inputs relative to the primary program. In both phases of this study, real-ear verification measures were completed to ensure the hearing aid output matched prescriptive targets. Data Collection and Analysis Phase 1 included monosyllabic word recognition and syllable-final plural recognition at three presentation levels (40, 50, and 60 dBA). Phase 2 compared speech recognition performance for the same test measures and presentation levels with two differing gain prescriptions. Conclusion In phase 1 of the study, aided speech recognition was significantly poorer in children with hearing loss at all presentation levels. Higher aided SII in the better ear (55 dB sound pressure level input) was associated with higher Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant word recognition at a 40 dBA presentation level. In phase 2, increasing the hearing aid gain for low-level inputs provided a significant improvement in syllable-final plural recognition at very low-level inputs and resulted in a nonsignificant trend toward better monosyllabic word recognition at very low presentation levels. Additional research is needed to document the speech recognition difficulties children with hearing aids may experience with low-level speech in the real world as well as the potential benefit or detriment of providing additional low-level hearing aid gain.
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Titre :	Perception of Tinnitus: Direct and Indirect Effects of Resilience, Personality Traits, and Psychiatric Symptoms (2022)
Auteurs :	Mariana A. Martins ; Melyssa K.C Galdino ; Bernardino Fernández-Calvo ; Fátima C.A. Branco-Barreiro ; Thiago P. Fernandes ; Marine R.D. da Rosa
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 206-213
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acouphène ; Anxiété ; Dépression ; Personnalité ; Troubles mentaux
Résumé :	Background Psychiatric conditions are common in individuals with tinnitus. Therefore, the ways individuals cope with such conditions and personality can influence the characteristics of tinnitus. Purpose The study aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects of resilience, personality traits, and psychiatric symptoms on the tinnitus perception. Research Design  This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study involving quantitative results. Study Sample Thirty-seven individuals with chronic tinnitus (for more than 6 months) sought the tinnitus care service Data Collection and Analysis The specific anamnesis of tinnitus, adult self-report questionnaire, resilience scale, big five inventory, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory , and visual analog scale were used. Psychoacoustic measurements (loudness: of tinnitus were performed to characterize the condition in terms of pitch and loudness. The study analyzed the relationship between tinnitus (annoyance, severity, and loudness), psychiatric symptoms, personality, and resilience using multiple mediations. Results Resilience did not influence tinnitus severity (BCa: -1.12 to 0.51), annoyance (BCa: -0.10 to 0.11), or loudness (BCa: -0.44 to 0.28) when mediated by anxiety and depression. Additionally, there was only a direct effect of resilience for annoyance There was no direct influence of anxiety and depression on the tinnitus severity , annoyance ), or loudness . However, there was an association of personality traits (neuroticism) with the tinnitus severity and annoyance Conclusion Resilience and psychiatric symptoms did not have a direct or indirect influence on the tinnitus annoyance, severity, or loudness. However with a direct association of resilience and annoyance, and neuroticism trait with the tinnitus annoyance and severity. Our results suggest that patients with chronic tinnitus and high neuroticism should receive personalized treatment.
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Titre :	AMBAND Bone-Conduction Headband (2022)
Auteurs :	Robert H. Margolis ; Janet C. Margolis
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 214-219
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Audiométrie ; Conduction osseuse
Résumé :	As bone-conduction thresholds vary with the coupling force between the vibrator and the head, it is important that the coupling force be within the range specified by audiometer standards. The development and validation of AMBAND, an elastic headband for coupling an audiometric bone vibrator to the head, in either the mastoid or forehead position, is described. Methods The headband was constructed from woven, fold-over elastic with Velcro attachment points to produce the proper force on the head for various head sizes. Force measurements were made with a digital force gauge on five artificial heads, representing adult females, adult males, children (age 6 years), infants (age 6 months), and newborns with the bone vibrator in the mastoid and forehead positions. Additional measurements were made with the Radioear P-3333 spring band that is in common use. Results Force measurements were highly repeatable within a given headband and across headbands. Force measurements for AMBAND were within the range specified by the ANSI S3.6-2018. The Radioear P-3333 spring band produced force levels that exceeded the specified range and had higher variability compared with AMBAND.
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Titre :	Auditory Mirror Therapy for Tinnitus: A Pilot Study (2022)
Auteurs :	Clas Linnman, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 220-223
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acouphène ; Membre fantôme ; Thérapie par le miroir pour le mouvement Autres descripteurs Etude pilote
Résumé :	Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound, shares many properties with phantom limb pain, in that both may arise as a consequence of sensory deprivation. Prediction errors in multisensory integration, such as induced with mirror box therapy in phantom pain, can reduce phantom percepts. We evaluated if a device that swaps sound from the right pinna to the left ear canal, and from the left pinna to the right ear canal, can reduce tinnitus. We call this auditory mirror therapy (AMT). An AMT device consisting of a modified ear defender device with microphones that swaps sounds from left pinna to the right ear canal and from the right pinna to the left ear canal. Participants used the device at home for 2 weeks. Results  There was a significant reduction in THI and in awareness of tinnitus after the AMT intervention.
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Titre :	Simultaneous Multifrequency (SiMFy) Stimulus: A Novel and Reliable Stimulus for Frequency Tuning of Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials (2022)
Auteurs :	Niraj Kumar Singh ; Mamatha Hunsur Ravikumar ; Sandeep Maruthy
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 224-231
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Fréquence sonore ; Potentiels évoqués vestibulaires myogéniques (cVEMP) (mVEMP) (oVEMP)
Résumé :	Background  Frequency tuning of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) refers to the frequency of tone burst that produces the largest amplitude oVEMP. There is an ever-growing pool of published studies that found the frequency tuning of oVEMP distinctly different in Ménière's disease than the age-matched controls and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. However, recording oVEMP in response to many frequencies makes an already lengthy vestibular test battery even more cumbersome and time-consuming. Purpose  The aim of this study was to develop a novel time-saving stimulus that produces reliable results. Research Design  Prospective study. Study Sample  The study included 25 young, healthy adults. Data Collection  The tone-bursts of 2000, 1500, 1000, 750, 500, and 250 Hz were generated and sequenced in this order to prepare a stimulus for simultaneous multifrequency (SiMFy) oVEMP. The response parameters of SiMFy and conventional oVEMP methods were compared. Results  No significant difference in peak-to-peak amplitude and frequency tuning existed between conventional and SiMFy oVEMP (p > 0.05). SiMFy had better test–retest reliability and was less time-consuming than the conventional oVEMP.
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Titre :	Effects of Spectral Shaping on Speech Auditory Brainstem Responses to Stop Consonant-Vowel Syllables (2022)
Auteurs :	Dania Rishiq ; Ashley W. Harkrider ; Cary Springer ; Mark Hedrick
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°4, April 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 232-243
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Amplification auditive ; Analyse spectrale ; Noyau cochléaire ; Potentiels évoqués auditifs du tronc cérébral (ABR)
Résumé :	Background  Frequency tuning of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) refers to the frequency of tone burst that produces the largest amplitude oVEMP. There is an ever-growing pool of published studies that found the frequency tuning of oVEMP distinctly different in Ménière's disease than the age-matched controls and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. However, recording oVEMP in response to many frequencies makes an already lengthy vestibular test battery even more cumbersome and time-consuming. Purpose  The aim of this study was to develop a novel time-saving stimulus that produces reliable results. Research Design  Prospective study. Study Sample  The study included 25 young, healthy adults. Data Collection  The tone-bursts of 2000, 1500, 1000, 750, 500, and 250 Hz were generated and sequenced in this order to prepare a stimulus for simultaneous multifrequency (SiMFy) oVEMP. The response parameters of SiMFy and conventional oVEMP methods were compared. Results  No significant difference in peak-to-peak amplitude and frequency tuning existed between conventional and SiMFy oVEMP (p > 0.05). SiMFy had better test–retest reliability and was less time-consuming than the conventional oVEMP. Conclusions  SiMFy is a time-saving and reliable stimulus for obtaining frequency tuning of oVEMP with no compromise on the outcomes. It can be immediately applied in most commercially available evoked potential systems with a facility for loading an external stimulus.
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Titre :	The Influence of Motoric Maneuvers on Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (cVEMPs) (2022)
Auteurs :	Kathleen M. McNermey ; Kathiravan Kaliyappan ; David Wack ; Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 134 - 141
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Electromyographie ; Potentiels évoqués vestibulaires myogéniques (cVEMP) (mVEMP) (oVEMP) ; Système vestibulaire
Mots-clés:	Muscle sterno-cléido-mastoïdien
Résumé :	Background  The cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) is a vestibular response that is produced by the saccule in response to intense, often low-frequency, short-duration auditory stimuli, and is typically recorded from a contracted sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. Previous research has shown that the amplitude of the cVEMP is related to the amount of SCM electromyographic (EMG) activity. Purpose  The aim of this study was to determine the influence of various remote motoric maneuvers on the amplitude of the cVEMP, as well as whether they influence the level of SCM EMG activity. Research Design  The cVEMP was recorded from the left SCM muscle to left ear stimulation, in response to the SCM condition, as well as three different motoric maneuvers (jaw clench, eye closure, and the Jendrassik maneuver). EMG activity was also varied between 50, 75, and 100% of maximal EMG activity. Study Sample  Data from 14 healthy subjects, with a mean age of 25.57 years (standard deviation = 5.93 years), was included in the present study. Data Collection and Analysis  Mean latency and amplitude of the cVEMP were compared across the four conditions and varying magnitudes of EMG contraction. SPSS 26 was used to statistically analyze the results. Results  cVEMP latency did not vary across condition. cVEMP amplitude decreased with decreasing EMG magnitude. SCM contraction with jaw clench produced the largest increase in cVEMP amplitude; however, this condition was not significantly different from the SCM condition alone. SCM contraction with the Jendrassik maneuver produced a cVEMP amplitude that was similar and not statistically different from SCM contraction alone, and the addition of the eye closure maneuver to SCM contraction resulted in the lowest cVEMP amplitude, which was found to be statistically different from the standard SCM condition at 100 and 75% EMG activity. The amplitude relationship across the conditions was not found to vary with changes in EMG activity; however, a significant increase in EMG amplitude was found during the 50% muscle contraction condition when subjects performed the Jendrassik maneuver in addition to the standard SCM contraction. Conclusions  The addition of the eye closure maneuver to SCM contraction resulted in a significant decrease in cVEMP amplitude, while the addition of the Jendrassik maneuver resulted in a significant increase in EMG activity at the lowest level of SCM activation (i.e., 50%). Additional research is necessary to determine how motoric maneuvers influence the cVEMP amplitude, and whether the results are also dependent on how SCM contraction is being produced (e.g., while supine vs. sitting).
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Titre :	Remote Microphone Systems for Cochlear Implant Recipients in Small Group Settings (2022)
Auteurs :	Sharon E. Miller ; Jace Wolfe ; Sara Neumann ; Erin Schafer ; Jason A. Galster ; Smita Agrawal
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 142 - 148
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Implants cochléaires ; Microphone à distance sans fil (RM) ; Microphone adaptatif directionnel (ADM) ; Reconnaissance de la parole Autres descripteurs Technologie d'assistance auditive
Résumé :	Purpose  Cochlear implant (CI) recipients often experience speech recognition difficulty in noise in small group settings with multiple talkers. In traditional remote microphones systems, one talker wears a remote microphone that wirelessly delivers speech to the CI processor. This system will not transmit signals from multiple talkers in a small group. However, remote microphone systems with multiple microphones allowing for adaptive beamforming may be beneficial for small group situations with multiple talkers. Specifically, a remote microphone with an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer may be placed in the center of the small group, and the beam (i.e., polar lobe) may be automatically steered toward the direction associated with the most favorable speech-to-noise ratio. The signal from the remote microphone can then be wirelessly delivered to the CI sound processor. Alternately, each of the talkers in a small group may use a remote microphone that is part of a multi-talker network that wirelessly delivers the remote microphone signal to the CI sound processor. The purpose of this study was to compare the potential benefit of an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer remote microphone system and a multi-talker network remote microphone system. Method  Twenty recipients, ages 12 to 84 years, with Advanced Bionics CIs completed sentence-recognition-in-noise tasks while seated at a desk surrounded by three loudspeakers at 0, 90, and 270 degrees. These speakers randomly presented the target speech while competing noise was presented from four loudspeakers located in the corners of the room. Testing was completed in three conditions: 1) CI alone, 2) Remote microphone system with an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer, and 3) and a multi-talker network remote microphone system each with five different signal levels (15 total conditions). Results  Significant differences were found across all signal levels and technology conditions. Relative to the CI alone, sentence recognition improvements ranged from 14–23 percentage points with the adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer and 27–47 percentage points with the multi-talker network with superior performance for the latter remote microphone system. Conclusions  Both remote microphone systems significantly improved speech recognition in noise of CI recipients when listening in small group settings, but the multi-talker network provided superior performance.
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Titre :	Effect of Hearing Aid Technology Level on New Hearing Aid Users (2022)
Auteurs :	Jennifer Hausladen ; Patrick N. Plyler ; Bailee Clausen ; Ashton Fincher ; S. Norris ; T. Russell
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 149 - 157
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acceptable Noise Level (ANL) ; Aides auditives ; Troubles sensitifs
Résumé :	Background  Hearing aid manufacturers offer several different levels of technology that vary in sophistication and cost. It would stand to reason that higher technology hearing aids would provide greater benefit in the daily life of the user; however, research does not support this assumption for all users. Recent research in experienced hearing aid users indicated noise acceptance and satisfaction for speech in a large group were significantly improved when using the premium devices and suggested noise acceptance may be useful when comparing hearing aid technology levels. Purpose  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hearing aid technology level on listener outcome measures for new hearing aid users. Research Design  A repeated measures, single-blinded research design was utilized. Study Sample  Twenty-four adults with no previous hearing aid experience were recruited using flyers posted at the University of Tennessee Audiology Clinic and on social media (19 males, 5 females). The average age of the participants was 61 years (48–81 years). Data Collection and Analysis  Participants completed two, 4-week trial periods using Unitron T Moxi Fit FLEX:TRIAL devices programmed with basic or premium technology. Following each trial, laboratory evaluations were conducted using the QuickSIN, Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), and the Acceptable Noise Level (ANL). Subjective data was obtained using the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Short Form, satisfaction ratings, and preference. Data was analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results  Speech perception results did not reveal significant differences between technology level on the HINT or QuickSIN; however, ANL was significantly improved for the premium devices. Subjective results revealed significantly improved satisfaction for speech in a large group and overall preference when using premium technology. Conclusion  Group data revealed similar outcomes between technology levels on most measures; however, noise acceptance, satisfaction for speech in a large group, and overall preference were significantly improved when using the premium devices. Individual characteristics such as noise acceptance, age, and degree of hearing loss may be useful when comparing hearing aid technology levels for new hearing aid users.
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Titre :	Personal Characteristics Associated with Ecological Momentary Assessment Compliance in Adult Cochlear Implant Candidates and Users (2022)
Auteurs :	Yu-Hsiang Wu ; Elizabeth Stangl ; Jacob J. Oleson ; Camille C. Dunn
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 158 - 169
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Évaluation écologique instantanée (EMA) ; Implants cochléaires ; Observance par le patient
Résumé :	Background  Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) often places high physical and mental burden on research participants compared with retrospective self-reports. The high burden could result in noncompliance with the EMA sampling scheme protocol. It has been a concern that certain types of participants could be more likely to have low compliance, such as those who have severe hearing loss and poor speech recognition performance, are employed, are not familiar with technologies used to implement EMA (e.g., smartphones), and have poorer cognitive abilities. Noncompliance dependent on personal characteristics could negatively impact the generalizability of EMA research. Purpose  This article aims to determine personal characteristics associated with EMA compliance in a group of adult cochlear implant (CI) candidates and users. Research Design  An observational study. Study Sample  Fifty-eight adults who were either scheduled to received CIs or were experienced CI users completed the study. Data Collection and Analysis  Participants conducted smartphone-based EMA designed to assess an individual's daily auditory ecology for 1 week. EMA compliance was quantified using two metrics: the number of completed surveys and the response rate to the notification delivered by the EMA app. Personal characteristics (i.e., predictors) included age, gender, CI status (candidate or user), employment status (employed or not employed), smartphone ownership, speech recognition performance, social network size, level of depressive symptoms, and neurocognitive abilities. A word recognition test, questionnaires, and a test battery of neurocognitive assessments were used to measure the predictors. We used negative binomial regression and logistic mixed models to determine the factors associated with the number of completed surveys and the response rate, respectively. We hypothesized that, for example, employed participants with poorer speech recognition performance would have lower compliance. Results  Contrary to the hypothesis, word recognition score was negatively associated with the number of completed surveys (p = 0.022). Holding all other variables constant, a 10-point (i.e., 10%) word recognition score decrease was associated with an 11% increase in the number of completed surveys. For the response rate, employment status was the only significant predictor (p  Conclusion  For CI candidates and users, EMA compliance could be affected by personal characteristics such as speech recognition performance and employment status. Because (1) participants with poorer speech recognition performance do not necessarily have lower compliance and (2) most personal characteristics investigated in the present study (e.g., age, gender, smartphone ownership, and neurocognitive abilities) do not predict compliance, a wide range of participants could successfully conduct smartphone-based EMA.
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Titre :	Influence of Audibility and Distortion on Recognition of Reverberant Speech for Children and Adults with Hearing Aid Amplification (2022)
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 170 - 180
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Adulte ; Aides auditives ; Déficience auditive ; Enfant (6-12 ans) ; Perception de la parole
Résumé :	Background   Adults and children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) have trouble understanding speech in rooms with reverberation when using hearing aid amplification. While the use of amplitude compression signal processing in hearing aids may contribute to this difficulty, there is conflicting evidence on the effects of amplitude compression settings on speech recognition. Less clear is the effect of a fast release time for adults and children with SNHL when using compression ratios derived from a prescriptive procedure. Purpose   The aim of the study is to determine whether release time impacts speech recognition in reverberation for children and adults with SNHL and to determine if these effects of release time and reverberation can be predicted using indices of audibility or temporal and spectral distortion. Research Design   This is a quasi-experimental cohort study. Participants used a hearing aid simulator set to the Desired Sensation Level algorithm m[i/o] for three different amplitude compression release times. Reverberation was simulated using three different reverberation times. Participants   Participants were 20 children and 16 adults with SNHL. Data Collection and Analyses   Participants were seated in a sound-attenuating booth and then nonsense syllable recognition was measured. Predictions of speech recognition were made using indices of audibility, temporal distortion, and spectral distortion and the effects of release time and reverberation were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results   While nonsense syllable recognition decreased in reverberation release time did not significantly affect nonsense syllable recognition. Participants with lower audibility were more susceptible to the negative effect of reverberation on nonsense syllable recognition. Conclusion   We have extended previous work on the effects of reverberation on aided speech recognition to children with SNHL. Variations in release time did not impact the understanding of speech. An index of audibility best predicted nonsense syllable recognition in reverberation and, clinically, these results suggest that patients with less audibility are more susceptible to nonsense syllable recognition in reverberation.
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Titre :	Video Head Impulse Test in Persons with Blindness: Feasibility and Outcomes (2022)
Auteurs :	Raghav Hira Jha ; Niraj Kumar Singh ; Prawin Kumar
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 116 - 124
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Cécité ; Réflexe vestibulo-oculaire (VOR) ; Saccades ; Test d'impulsion rotatoire de la tête (vHIT)
Résumé :	Background   To achieve balance, persons with blindness (PWB) use proprioceptive and vestibular cues rather than the visual system; however, PWB are equally susceptible to acquire vestibular disorders. Reliable assessments of the vestibular system in PWB are essential to determine the presence or absence of vestibular disorders. Purpose   The saccular and the utricular functioning can be assessed using cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential, respectively. Evaluation of the functional integrity of the semicircular canals requires an assessment of the vestibular ocular reflex; however, this can be challenging in PWB. Video head impulse test (vHIT) assesses the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) elicited against the natural high-frequency head movement in the planes of all six semicircular canals. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and outcomes of administering vHIT in PWB. Research Design   Standard (static) groups comparison. Study Sample   Nineteen young PWB and 23 age-matched adults with “normal” vision (control group) were included in the study. Data Collection and Analyses   PWB underwent vHIT once, while the control group was tested in three conditions; condition 1 was used to simulate blindness for the control group, where vHIT was done in a pitch-dark room without prior instructions; condition 2 included vHIT testing in daylight, without a fixed visual target and any instructions; and condition 3 involved vHIT in daylight in the presence of a set visual target and with standard instructions to maintain visual focus on the visual target. Results   The VOR gain was abnormal in the PWB group for all the canals. Among the PWB, the lateral canals (mean = 0.63) had the best VOR gain, followed by the anterior canals (mean = 0.53) and the posterior canals (mean = 0.31). In the control group, the VOR gain was significantly reduced in condition 1. There was no significant difference between the VOR gain in the PWB group and the control group in condition 1 for the lateral and the anterior canals. A higher proportion of participants in the PWB group had the presence of refixation saccades. Conclusion   VOR is significantly reduced in PWB but not completely absent. There may be a need to develop normative data for blind individuals to decide whether or not a person with blindness has a vestibular dysfunction, specifically a VOR deficit.
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Titre :	The Effect of Music Genre and Music-Preference Dimension on Acceptable Noise Levels in Listeners with ‘Normal’ Hearing (2022)
Auteurs :	Susan Gordon-Hickey ; Melinda F. Bryan
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n°3, March 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 125 - 133
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Bruit ambiant ; Musique ; Seuil auditif
Résumé :	Background   The acceptable noise level (ANL) is the maximum level of background noise that an individual is willing to accept while listening to speech. The type of background noise does not affect ANL results except for music. Purpose   The purpose of this study was to determine if ANL differed due to music genre or music genre preference. Research Design   A repeated-measures experimental design was employed. Study Sample   Thirty-three young adults with normal hearing served as listeners. Data Collection and Analysis   Most comfortable listening level and background noise level were measured to twelve-talker babble and five music samples from different genres: blues, classical, country, jazz, and rock. Additionally, music preference was evaluated via rank ordering of genre and by completion of the Short Test of Music Preference (STOMP) questionnaire. Results   The ANL for music differed based on music genre; however, the difference was unrelated to music genre preference. Also, those with low ANLs tended to prefer the intense and rebellious music-preference dimension compared with those with high ANLs. Conclusions   For instrumental music, ANL was lower for blues and rock music compared with classical, country, and jazz. The differences identified were not related to music genre preference; however, this finding may be related to the music-preference dimension of intense and rebellious music. Future work should evaluate the psychological variables that make up music-preference dimension to determine if these relate to our ANL.
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Titre :	Hearing Screening Age Considerations for Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2022)
Auteurs :	Jaxon Jordan ; Rachael R. Baiduc ; Christopher Spankovich
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 58 - 65
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Déficience auditive ; Épidémiologie ; Evaluation
Résumé :	Background The United States Preventative Service Taskforce recently determined that there was insufficient evidence to recommend hearing screening in adults. Purpose To determine the age to screen adults in the U.S. for hearing loss and identify factors related to increased odds of hearing loss. Research Design Epidemiological Cross-Sectional Study. Study Sample Data from 3,409 individuals aged 20–69 years(y) were analyzed from the 1999–2000 and 2000–2002 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Data Collection and Analysis Hearing sensitivity from 0.5–8 kHz was assessed and hearing loss was defined as pure tone average 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz (PTA4) > 15 dBHL for the worse ear. Thresholds were examined separately for men and women in 2-year intervals. A multivariate ordinal regression model adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education was used to examine relationship to determinants. Results Slight (>15 dBHL) hearing loss based on threshold at a single audiometric frequency was first evident in males aged 28–29y. For females, this occurred at age 34–35y. The age at which average PTA4 increased above 15 dBHL (slight hearing loss) was 46–47y for males and 56–57y for females. Multivariate ordinal regression revealed the following “high risk” factors: increased age, male sex, tinnitus, perceived hearing loss, and diabetes. Conclusions For the function of primary prevention, these data suggest screening should initiate at ∼30y for males and 35y for females, the ages when average hearing thresholds at a single frequency can be classified as slight hearing loss. For secondary prevention, the recommended screening ages are higher – 45y for males and 55y for females. Hearing screening is recommended for asymptomatic adults, especially those with high risk factors. Our results also highlight the limitations of PTA4 in identifying early indices of hearing loss.
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Titre :	Evaluation of Potential Benefits and Limitations of Noise-Management Technologies for Children with Hearing Aids (2022)
Auteurs :	Jace Wolfe ; Mila Duke ; Sharon E. Miller ; Erin Schafer ; Christine Jones ; Lori Rakita ; Andrea Dunn ; Stephanie Browning ; Sara Neumann
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 66 - 74
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Gain prothétique ; Microphone adaptatif directionnel (ADM) ; Pédiatrie ; Reconnaissance de la parole ; Réduction de bruit (NR)
Résumé :	Children with hearing loss frequently experience difficulty understanding speech in the presence of noise. Although remote microphone systems are likely to be the most effective solution to improve speech recognition in noise, the focus of this study centers on the evaluation of hearing aid noise management technologies including directional microphones, adaptive noise reduction (ANR), and frequency-gain shaping. These technologies can improve children's speech recognition, listening comfort, and/or sound quality in noise. However, individual contributions of these technologies as well as the effect of hearing aid microphone mode on localization abilities in children is unknown. Purpose The objectives of this study were to (1) compare children's speech recognition and subjective perceptions across five hearing aid noise management technology conditions and (2) compare localization abilities across three hearing aid microphone modes. Research Design A single-group, repeated measures design was used to evaluate performance differences and subjective ratings. Study Sample Fourteen children with mild to moderately severe hearing loss. Data Collection and Analysis Children's sentence recognition, listening comfort, sound quality, and localization were assessed in a room with an eight-loudspeaker array. Results and Conclusion The use of adaptive directional microphone technology improves children's speech recognition in noise when the signal of interest arrives from the front and is spatially separated from the competing noise. In contrast, the use of adaptive directional microphone technology may result in a decrease in speech recognition in noise when the signal of interest arrives from behind. The use of a microphone mode that mimics the natural directivity of the unaided auricle provides a slight improvement in speech recognition in noise compared with omnidirectional use with limited decrement in speech recognition in noise when the signal of interest arrives from behind. The use of ANR and frequency-gain shaping provide no change in children's speech recognition in noise. The use of adaptive directional microphone technology, ANR, and frequency-gain shaping improve children's listening comfort, perceived ability to understand speech in noise, and overall listening experience. Children prefer to use each of these noise management technologies regardless of whether the signal of interest arrives from the front or from behind. The use of adaptive directional microphone technology does not result in a decrease in children's localization abilities when compared with the omnidirectional condition. The best localization performance occurred with use of the microphone mode that mimicked the directivity of the unaided auricle.
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Titre :	Tinnitus Assessment and Management: A Survey of Practicing Audiologists in the United States and Canada (2022)
Auteurs :	Adam Sheppard ; Christina Stocking ; Jinyu Qian ; Wei Sun
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 75 - 81
Note générale :	10.1055/s-0041-1736576
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Traitement de l'acouphène
Résumé :	Tinnitus is a prevalent auditory disorder that can become severely debilitating. Despite decades of investigation, there remains no conclusive cure for tinnitus. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are available for assessing and managing tinnitus. Even though such guidelines have been available for several years, the degree that audiologists adhere to them has remained unexplored. Purpose of Study To determine what clinical practices are commonly used by audiologists in the assessment and management of the patient population with tinnitus, we administered an online survey to audiologists practicing in the United States and Canada. Results Among the audiologists that completed the survey and were included in the final analysis (n = 61), 70% were from the United States and 30% were from Canada. The audiologists represented a wide range of clinical experience (1–35 years). On average, those who completed the survey were relatively confident in their ability to assess and manage tinnitus patients indicated by a 0 to 100 Likert scale, with 0 representing no confidence (mean 72.5, ± 21.5 standard deviation). The most commonly reported tinnitus assessment tools were pure tone audiogram (0.25–8 kHz), administration of standardized questionnaires, and tinnitus pitch and loudness matching. Approximately half (55%) of audiologists indicated they include otoacoustic emissions, while less audiologists ( Conclusion Few audiologists administer a truly comprehensive tinnitus assessment and ∼20% indicated not recommending counseling or sound therapy to manage tinnitus. The results are discussed in the context of what is explicitly indicated in published CPGs, professional organization recommendations, and recent findings of peer-reviewed literature.
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Titre :	Psychometric Evaluation of a Patient Experience Questionnaire (PEQ) for Outpatient Appointments: Analysis Using Data from a U.K. National Health Service Audiology Department (2022)
Auteurs :	Hashir Aazh ; Anna Pepler ; Karen Lammaing ; Brian C. J. Moore ; Ali A. Danesh
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 82 - 91
Note générale :	10.1055/s-0041-1736575
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Enquêtes et questionnaires ; Psychométrie ; Vécu du patient
Résumé :	The Audiology Department at the Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust (RSFT), United Kingdom, developed a patient experience questionnaire (PEQ) to assess and compare patients' experiences of attending a wide range of appointments (e.g., hearing assessment, hearing aid fitting, hearing aid review, tinnitus therapy, balance assessment, and balance rehabilitation). Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the PEQ. The PEQ is a unidimensional instrument with four items that assess a patient's experience of an outpatient appointment. Research Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Study Sample Patients attending appointments for audiology services at RSFT between January and March 2020. Data Collection and Analysis  All patients (n = 656) attending appointments for audiology services at RSFT during randomly selected days between January and March 2020 were given the questionnaire to complete themselves (PEQ-self) or to complete on their child's behalf (PEQ-parent). The factor structures for the PEQ-self and PEQ-parent were assessed separately, using confirmatory factor analysis. A multiple-causes, multiple-indicators (MIMIC) model was fitted to explore potential bias due to gender and age. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's α. The bivariate correlations between PEQ scores and other variables were evaluated using the nonparametric Spearman correlation coefficient. Floor and ceiling effects were assessed using the distribution of total scores. Results  Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a one-factor model gave a close fit to the data for both the self and parent versions. Cronbach's α for the total score was 0.77 for the PEQ-self and 0.86 for the PEQ-parent. The MIMIC model showed no significant direct effects of age or gender for either version. Conclusions Both the PEQ-self and PEQ-parent questionnaire can be reliably used to measure patients' experiences of outpatient audiology appointments. Future studies should aim to assess the psychometric properties of the PEQ-self and PEQ-parent for a range of outpatient appointments other than audiology.
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Titre :	Measures of Subjective Tinnitus: What Does Visual Analog Scale Stand for? (2022)
Auteurs :	Sung Wan Byun ; Seung-Ho Shin
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 92 - 97
Note générale :	10.1055/s-0041-1736649
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acouphènes subjectifs ; Echelle visuelle analogique (EVA) ; Enquêtes et questionnaires
Résumé :	Patients with tinnitus may have different severity levels of tinnitus distress. Visual analog scale (VAS) is a simple method to measure the extent of subjective distress caused by tinnitus. It includes ratings of tinnitus loudness, awareness, annoyance, and impact of tinnitus on life. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate what led to different distress levels in patients with bilateral tinnitus by analyzing the relationships among all subscales of VAS scores for tinnitus distress and the documented variables. Research Design  This study was a retrospective cohort study. Study Sample The medical records of 268 patients who visited a tinnitus clinic between March and December 2020 were reviewed. Data Collection and Analysis  Epidemiologic characteristics, subjective tinnitus distress factors including tinnitus loudness, awareness, annoyance, and impact of tinnitus on life, questionnaire results including those from the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and audiometric profiles were documented. Based on a bivariate analysis between variables and subtypes of subjective tinnitus distress, stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify potential influencing factors for aggravating each subtype. Results Data from a total of 122 patients with bilateral tinnitus were collected. The cohort included 77 males and 45 females with a mean age of 51.16 ± 13.50 years. Tinnitus loudness was associated with an accompanying headache (p  Conclusion Psychologic complaints are mainly associated with tinnitus loudness and annoyance. On the other hand, hearing loss is linked with tinnitus awareness and its impact on life. Thus, an individualized, sequential approach that considers different subtypes of tinnitus severity to assess subjective tinnitus distress is needed.
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Titre :	COVID-19 and Deafness: Impact of Face Masks on Speech Perception (2022)
Auteurs :	Margherita Tofanelli ; Vincenzo Capriotti ; Annalisa Gatto ; Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo ; Serena Rizzo ; Giancarlo Tirelli
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 98 - 104
Note générale :	10.1055/s-0041-1736577
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aide à la communication ; COVID-19 ; Masques (équipement de protection) ; Surdité
Résumé :	The COVID-19 pandemic has made wearing face masks a common habit in public places. Several reports have underlined the increased difficulties encountered by deaf people in speech comprehension, resulting in a higher risk of social isolation and psychological distress. Purpose To address the detrimental effect of different types of face masks on speech perception, according to the listener hearing level and background noise. Research Design Quasi-experimental cross-sectional study. Study Sample Thirty patients were assessed: 16 with normal hearing [NH], and 14 hearing-impaired [HI] with moderate hearing loss. Data Collection and Analysis A speech perception test (TAUV) was administered by an operator trained to speak at 65 dB, without a face mask, with a surgical mask, and with a KN95/FFP2 face mask, in a quiet and in a noisy environment (cocktail party noise, 55 dB). The Hearing Handicap Index for Adults (HHI-A) was administered twice, asking subjects to complete it for the period before and after the pandemic outburst. A 2-way repeated-measure analysis of variance was performed. Results The NH group showed a significant difference between the no-mask and the KN95/FFP2-mask condition in noise (p = 0.01). The HI group showed significant differences for surgical or KN95/FFP2 mask compared with no-mask, and for KN95/FFP2 compared with surgical mask, in quiet and in noise (p  Conclusion Face masks have a detrimental effect on speech perception especially for HI patients, potentially worsening their hearing-related quality of life.
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Titre :	Long-Term Impedance Trend in Cochlear Implant Users with Genetically Determined Congenital Profound Hearing Loss (2022)
Auteurs :	Davide Brotto ; Ezio Caserta ; Flavia Sorrentino ; Niccolò Favaretto ; G. Marioni ; Alessandro Martini ; Roberto Bovo ; Flavia Gheller ; Patrizia Trevisi
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 33, n°2, Février 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 105 - 114
Note générale :	10.1055/s-0041-1739290
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Déficience auditive ; Impédancemétrie ; Implants cochléaires ; Télémétrie
Résumé :	Impedance is a basic parameter registered at any cochlear implant (CI) fitting section. It is useful in monitoring electrode functioning and the status of the surrounding anatomical structures. Purpose The main aim of this study is to evaluate the 5-year impedance-value trend in patients affected by congenital genetically determined profound hearing loss implanted with Cochlear Nucleus devices. Research Design Observational, retrospective, monocentric study. Study Sample Twenty-seven consecutive patients (9 females: 12.0 ± 7.6 years old; range: 4.2–40.4) with genetic diagnosis of GJB2 mutation causing congenital profound hearing loss who underwent cochlear implantation from 2010 to 2020 with good auditory benefit. Intervention Impedance values of the CIs were obtained from the CIs' programming software that registers those parameters for each follow-up section of each patient. Data Collection and Analysis Impedance values were measured over time (activation, 6, 12, 24, and 60 months after cochlear implantation), for each of the 22 electrodes, in common ground, monopolar 1, monopolar 2, and monopolar 1 + 2 stimulation modes. Results A significant variation was found between CI activation and 6-month follow-up. This difference was found for each of the 22 electrodes. Electrodes 1 to 4 showed higher impedance values compared with all other electrodes in each time interval. Repeated-measures analysis of variance ruled out significant variations in impedance values from 6-month to 5-year follow-up. Conclusions Impedance values were extremely stable after activation, at least for the first 5 years. In these cases, even minimal impedance variations should be carefully evaluated for their possible implications on hearing performance.
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Titre :	Automated Audiometry in Quiet and Simulated Exam Room Noise for Listeners with Normal Hearing and Impaired Hearing (2022)
Auteurs :	Brianna N. Bean ; Richard A. Roberts ; Erin M. Picou ; Gina P. Angley ; Amanda J. Edwards
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n° 1, January 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 6-13
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728778
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Audiologie ; Audiométrie ; Automatisation ; Bruit ; Diagnostic ; Perte d'audition
Résumé :	Background Up to 80% of audiograms could be automated which would allow more time for provision of specialty services. Ideally, automated audiometers would provide accurate results for listeners with impaired hearing as well as normal hearing. Additionally, accurate results should be provided both in controlled environments like a sound-attenuating room but also in test environments that may support greater application when sound-attenuating rooms are unavailable. Otokiosk is an iOS-based system that has been available for clinical use, but there are not yet any published validation studies using this product. Purpose The purpose of this project was to complete a validation study on the OtoKiosk automated audiometry system in quiet and in low-level noise, for listeners with normal hearing and for listeners with impaired hearing. Research Design Pure tone air conduction thresholds were obtained for each participant for three randomized conditions: standard audiometry, automated testing in quiet, and automated testing in noise. Noise, when present, was 35 dBA overall and was designed to emulate an empty medical exam room. Study Sample Participants consisted of 11 adults with hearing loss and 15 adults with normal hearing recruited from the local area. Data Collection and Analysis Thresholds were measured at 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz using the Otokiosk system that incorporates a modified Hughson-Westlake method. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and also by a linear mixed-effects model to compare thresholds obtained in each condition. Results Across condition and participant group 73.6% of thresholds measured with OtoKiosk were within ± 5 dB of the conventionally measured thresholds; 92.8% were within ± 10 dB. On average, differences between tests were small. Pairwise comparisons revealed thresholds were ∼3.5–4 dB better with conventional audiometry than with the mobile application in quiet and in noise. Noise did not affect thresholds measured with OtoKiosk. Conclusions The OtoKiosk automated hearing test measured pure tone air conduction thresholds from 500 to 4,000 Hz at slightly higher thresholds than conventional audiometry, but less than the smallest typical 5 dB clinical step-size. Our results suggest OtoKiosk is a reasonable solution for sound booths and exam rooms with low-level background noise.
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Titre :	Factors Influencing the Purchase Rate of Cartilage Conduction Hearing Aids (2022)
Auteurs :	Tadashi Nishimura ; Hiroshi Hosoi ; Tomoko Sugiuchi ; Nozomu Matsumoto ; Takanori Nishiyama ; Takano Kenichi ; Satofumi Sugimoto ; Hiroaki Yazama ; Takeshi Sato ; Masahiro Komori
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n° 1, January 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 14-22
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733965
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Atrésie auriculaire congénitale ; Conduction osseuse
Mots-clés:	Otorrhée continue ; Conduction cartilagineuse
Résumé :	Background Innovated hearing aids (HAs), termed cartilage conduction hearing aids (CC-HAs), show good performance in patients with closed ears and continuous otorrhea. However, factors other than the ear condition that influence the purchase rate of CC-HAs remain unclear. Purpose To identify the factors that influence the purchase rate of CC-HAs. Research Design A correlational study. Study Sample A total of 249 patients were enrolled. Data Collection and Analysis The patients' demographics, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and CC-HA transducer types were compared. The data were analyzed for six groups classified based on the ear condition. Results the unilateral closed-ear group, the purchase cases were significantly younger than the nonpurchase cases (p  Conclusion In the closed ears, no remarkable negative factors were found. Transducer type had a significant influence on the continued-use rate in the nonclosed ears including the ears with chronic continuous otorrhea, although the purchase rate of CC-HAs in the bilateral chronic continuous otorrhea group was comparable to the closed ears.
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Titre :	The Impact of Transducer Selection on the Acceptable Noise Level (2022)
Auteurs :	Melinda F. Bryan ; Shelby Davis ; Susan Gordon-Hickey
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n° 1, January 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 23-28
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735254
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acceptable Noise Level (ANL) ; Background Noise Level (BNL) ; Bruit ambiant ; Transducteurs
Résumé :	Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the impact of transducer (loudspeaker, supra-aural headphones, and insert earphones) selection on the acceptable noise level (ANL). Study Sample Thirty young adults with normal hearing who reported difficulty with background noise served as participants. Research Design A repeated-measures experimental design was employed. Data Collection and Analysis Most comfortable listening level (MCL) and background noise level (BNL) were measured for all participants using three transducers (loudspeaker, supra-aural headphones, and insert earphones). ANL was computed as the difference between the mean MCL and the mean BNL. Results Analytical statistics revealed that ANL did not differ due to the transducer used. However, there were statistically significant differences found for MCL and BNL across transducers. Conclusions Results of this study indicate that ANL is not vulnerable to the selection of transducer and that ANLs can be compared across transducer types. Researchers should cautiously interpret findings across studies when discussing the base measures of MCL and BNL as these may be influenced slightly by transducer selection.
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Titre :	Standardization of the TEOAE Contralateral Suppression Test in Terms of Stimulus Intensity and Contralateral Noise Duration in Individuals with Normal Hearing (2022)
Auteurs :	Ufuk Derinsu ; Bahtiyar Celikgun
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n° 1, January 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 29-35
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735523
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Emissions otoacoustiques évoquées (OEA)(OAE) Autres descripteurs Systeme auditif efferent
Mots-clés:	Suppression controlatérale
Résumé :	Background A standard method and parameter study were performed for the contralateral suppression test. Purpose Our study aimed to determine the contralateral transient-evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) suppression test method and stimulus–noise parameters that have a standard procedure and will enable the efferent system to be easily evaluated in clinics. Research Design This study was conducted in two parts with two different groups of participants as a within-subjects design. In the first part, the signal-to-noise ratio at which maximum suppression obtained was investigated with 29 participants. In the second part, the optimal contralateral noise presentation method (in terms of noise-time or noise-sweep) was examined with 21 participants. Study Sample In the first part 29 young adults aged between 18 and 32 (23.03 ± 2.84), 20 females and 9 males, and in the second part 21 young adults aged between 19 and 34 years (mean age: 23.71 ± 3.48 years), 16 females and 5 males, participated in the second part. All participants had normal hearing. Data Collection and Analysis To obtain maximum OAE suppression, different parameters were tested with the Otodynamics ILO292-II OAE device at both parts of the study in a double-walled audiometric test booths. Multirepeated analysis of variance, pairwise comparison, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for statistical analysis. Results In the first part, maximum suppression was achieved at 65 dB peSPL (decibel peak-equivalent sound pressure level) TEOAE stimulus and 65 dB SPL broadband noise. In the second part, maximum suppression was obtained in noise-time method with 30 seconds “duration.” Conclusions To provide standardization in clinics, it can be recommended that the contralateral suppression of OAEs was measured at 65 dB peSPL TEOAE stimulus and 65 dB SPL broadband noise in the linear stimulation mode with Otodynamics ILO 292-II double-probe OAE device. To obtain maximum suppression, the noise-time method with 30 seconds duration can be used.
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Titre :	Burnout in U.S. Audiologists (2022)
Auteurs :	Diana C. Emanuel ; Nicholas S. Reed ; Madison Zimmer
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n° 1, January 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 36-44
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735253
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Audiologues ; Condition de travail ; Epuisement professionnel ; Maslash Burnout Inventory (MBI) ; Stress professionnel
Résumé :	Research on burnout in audiologists is limited, especially in the United States. Recent changes to the profession may have increased burnout. The purpose was to investigate burnout in the U.S. audiologists in diverse work settings. This study used three surveys: demographics/workplace stressors, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and professional quality of life (ProQOL). Participants were 149 U.S. audiologists. Participants were diverse regarding experience, work setting, and location. The first survey provided demographics, perspectives on over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids, stressors, and stress rating. The MBI assessed three dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The ProQOL assessed burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction. Analyses included descriptive and inferential statistics of quantitative data and thematic analysis of qualitative data. Results Audiologists had low burnout, low compassion fatigue, and high compassion satisfaction. Experience was not related to stress rating; however, more experienced audiologists had greater compassion satisfaction and lower burnout, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization compared with less experienced audiologists. Concern about OTC hearing aids was associated with stress rating. Thematic analysis identified 11 stressors, with 50% of stressors classified under work duties, time, and patients. Conclusion The U.S. audiologists had low burnout rates. Burnout was greatest in less experienced audiologists. Stress was not related to experience. Stressors included insufficient time to see patients, heavy caseload, time-consuming administrative tasks, pressure to sell hearing aids, and stressful interpersonal communication.
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Titre :	Ambient Noise Monitoring during Pure-Tone Audiometry (2022)
Auteurs :	George L. Saly ; Richard H. Wilson ; Robert H. Margolis
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol.33, n° 1, January 2022)
Article en page(s) :	p. 45-55
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735803
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Audiométrie tonale ; Bruit ambiant ; Distraction
Mots-clés:	Écouteur circum-auriculaire ; Écouteur supra-auriculaire
Résumé :	Background There is an increasing need to administer hearing tests outside of sound-attenuating rooms. Maximum permissible ambient noise levels (MPANLs) from published in standards (Occupational Health and Safety Administration [OSHA] 1983; American National Standards Institute [ANSI] S3.1–1999 (R2018)) can be modified to account for the additional attenuation provided by circumaural earphones (relative to supra-aural earphones) that are used for pure-tone audiometry. Ambient noise can influence the results of pure-tone audiometry by elevating thresholds by direct masking and by producing distractions that affect the accuracy of the test. The effects of these distractions have not been studied in relation to pure-tone audiometry in adult listeners. Purpose In Part I MPANLs provided by ANSI and OSHA standards are extended to account for the greater attenuation provided by circumaural earphones. Rules (“alerts”) were developed taking into account the listeners' thresholds. In Part II effects of distracting noise on pure-tone thresholds are reported. Methods and Results In Part I MPANLs two standards were modified for circumaural earphones by adding the additional attenuation provided by three circumaural earphones (relative to supra-aural earphones). A set of rules (“alerts”) is provided for identifying masking effects from ambient noise in a variety of conditions (earphone type, threshold elevation, uncovered ear). In Part II the distracting effects of an industrial noise sample on thresholds obtained from five listeners with normal hearing are described. Pure-tone thresholds were measured in quiet and in distracting noise presented at various levels. The effects of the distracting noise on the following variables were measured: time per trial, number of trials required to measure threshold, threshold shift, and perceived distractibility of the noise. Time per trial was unaffected by distracting noise. Number of trials required for threshold, threshold shift, and perceived distractibility increased with distracting noise level. Conclusion Part I: The modified MPANLs provide more relevant determinations of the potential effects of ambient noise on pure-tone thresholds than the values in the standards. Part II: Distracting noise affects pure-tone threshold measurements in a manner that is different from direct masking. The potential contaminating effect of distracting noise can be measured and reported.
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Titre :	MicroRNA Profiling in the Perilymph of Cochlear Implant Patients : Identifying Markers that Correlate to Audiological Outcomes (2021)
Auteurs :	Helena Wichova ; Matthew Shew ; Jennifer Nelson-Brantley ; Athanasia Warnecke ; Sandra M. Prentiss ; Hinrich Staecker ; Helena Wichova
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 10, November 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 627-635
Note générale :	Cet article fait partie d'un numéro spécial dédié aux thérapies auditives et aux thérapies protectrices. - DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1742234
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Études par échantillonnage ; Évaluation de résultat (soins) ; Implants cochléaires ; Marqueurs biologiques ; MicroARN ; Périlymphe
Résumé :	Hypothesis MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiles from human perilymph correlate to post cochlear implantation (CI) hearing outcomes. Background The high inter-individual variability in speech perception among cochlear implant recipients is still poorly understood. MiRNA expression in perilymph can be used to characterize the molecular processes underlying inner ear disease and to predict performance with a cochlear implant. Methods Perilymph collected during CI from 17 patients was analyzed using microarrays. MiRNAs were identified and multivariable analysis using consonant-nucleus-consonant testing at 6 and 18 months post implant activation was performed. Variables analyzed included age, gender, preoperative pure tone average (PTA), and preoperative speech discrimination (word recognition [WR]). Gene ontology analysis was performed to identify potential functional implications of changes in the identified miRNAs. Results Distinct miRNA profiles correlated to preoperative PTA and WR. Patients classified as poor performers showed downregulation of six miRNAs that potentially regulate pathways related to neuronal function and cell survival. Conclusion Individual miRNA profiles can be identified in microvolumes of perilymph. Distinct non-coding RNA expression profiles correlate to preoperative hearing and postoperative cochlear implant outcomes.
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Titre :	Advancements in Stem Cell Technology and Organoids for the Restoration of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (2021)
Auteurs :	Camron Davies ; Alexa J. Denton ; Peter E. Ashman ; Rahul Mittal ; Adrien A. Eshraghi ; Jenna E. Bergman
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 10, November 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 636-645
Note générale :	Cet article fait partie d'un numéro spécial dédié aux thérapies auditives et aux thérapies protectrices. - DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728677
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Cellules souches ; Organoïdes ; Perte d'audition ; Surdité neurosensorielle (SNHL)
Mots-clés:	Cellules sensorielles otiques
Résumé :	Background Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a significant cause of morbidity worldwide and currently has no curative treatment. Technological advancements in stem cell therapy have led to numerous studies that examine the generation of otic sensory cells from progenitors to restore inner ear function. Recently, organoids have emerged as a promising technique to further advance the process of creating functional replacement cells after irreversible hearing loss. Organoids are the three-dimensional generation of stem cells in culture to model the tissue organization and cellular components of the inner ear. Organoids have emerged as a promising technique to create functioning cochlear structures in vitro and may provide crucial information for the utilization of stem cells to restore SNHL. Purpose The purpose of this review is to discuss the recent advancements in stem cell-based regenerative therapy for SNHL. Results Recent studies have improved our understanding about the developmental pathways involved in the generation of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. However, significant challenges remain in elucidating the molecular interactions and interplay required for stem cells to differentiate and function as otic sensory cells. A few of the challenges encountered with traditional stem cell therapy may be addressed with organoids. Conclusion Stem cell-based regenerative therapy holds a great potential for developing novel treatment modalities for SNHL. Further advancements are needed in addressing the challenges associated with stem cell-based regenerative therapy and promote their translation from bench to bedside.
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Titre :	Genetic Medicine for Hearing Loss : OTOF as Exemplar (2021)
Auteurs :	Ann E. Hickox ; Michelle D. Valero ; James T. McLaughlin ; Gregory S. Robinson ; Jennifer A. Wellman ; Michael J. McKenna ; William F. Sewell ; Emmanuel J. Simons
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 10, November 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 646-653
Note générale :	Cet article fait partie d'un numéro spécial dédié aux thérapies auditives et aux thérapies protectrices. - DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730410
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Dépistage génétique ; Oreille interne ; Perte d'audition ; Thérapie génétique
Résumé :	Millions of people worldwide have disabling hearing loss because one of their genes generates an incorrect version of some specific protein the ear requires for hearing. In many of these cases, delivering the correct version of the gene to a specific target cell within the inner ear has the potential to restore cochlear function to enable high-acuity physiologic hearing. Purpose: In this review, we outline our strategy for the development of genetic medicines with the potential to treat hearing loss. We will use the example of otoferlin gene (OTOF)-mediated hearing loss, a sensorineural hearing loss due to autosomal recessive mutations of the OTOF gene.
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Titre :	From Bench to Booth: Examining Hair-Cell Regeneration Through an Audiologist's Scope (2021)
Auteurs :	Rebecca M. Lewis
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 10, November 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 654-660
Note générale :	Cet article fait partie d'un numéro spécial dédié aux thérapies auditives et aux thérapies protectrices. - DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731700
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Cellules ciliées auditives ; Implants cochléaires ; Perte d'audition ; Régénération ; Surdité neurosensorielle (SNHL)
Résumé :	Damage to auditory hair cells is a key feature of sensorineural hearing loss due to aging, noise exposure, or ototoxic drugs. Though hair-cell loss is permanent in humans, research in bird species led to the discovery that analogous hair cells of the avian basilar papilla are able to regenerate after being damaged by ototoxic agents. Regeneration appears to occur through a combination of the mitotic expansion of a precursor population of supporting cells and direct transdifferentiation of supporting cells into functioning hair cells. This review will synthesize the relevant anatomy and pathophysiology of sensorineural hearing loss, the historical observations that led to the genesis of the hair-cell regeneration field, and perspectives on initial human hair-cell regeneration trials.
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Titre :	Approaches to Treat Sensorineural Hearing Loss by Hair-Cell Regeneration : The Current State of Therapeutic Developments and Their Potential Impact on Audiological Clinical Practice (2021)
Auteurs :	Ashley S. Hinton ; Aizhen Yang-Hood ; Angela D. Schrader ; Christopher Loose ; Kevin K. Ohlemiller ; Will J. McLean
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 10, November 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 661-669
Note générale :	Cet article fait partie d'un numéro spécial dédié aux thérapies auditives et aux thérapies protectrices. - DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750281
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Cellules ciliées auditives ; Perte d'audition ; Régénération ; Surdité neurosensorielle (SNHL) ; Thérapeutique
Résumé :	Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is typically a permanent and often progressive condition that is commonly attributed to sensory cell loss. All vertebrates except mammals can regenerate lost sensory cells. Thus, SNHL is currently only treated with hearing aids or cochlear implants. There has been extensive research to understand how regeneration occurs in nonmammals, how hair cells form during development, and what limits regeneration in maturing mammals. These studies motivated efforts to identify therapeutic interventions to regenerate hair cells as a treatment for hearing loss, with a focus on targeting supporting cells to form new sensory hair cells. The approaches include gene therapy and small molecule delivery to the inner ear. At the time of this publication, early-stage clinical trials have been conducted to test targets that have shown evidence of regenerating sensory hair cells in preclinical models. As these potential treatments move closer to a clinical reality, it will be important to understand which therapeutic option is most appropriate for a given population. It is also important to consider which audiological tests should be administered to identify hearing improvement while considering the pharmacokinetics and mechanism of a given approach. Some impacts on audiological practice could include implementing less common audiological measures as standard procedure. As devices are not capable of repairing the damaged underlying biology, hair-cell regeneration treatments could allow patients to benefit more from their devices, move from a cochlear implant candidate to a hearing aid candidate, or move a subject to not needing an assistive device. Here, we describe the background, current state, and future implications of hair-cell regeneration research.
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Titre :	Investigational Medicinal Products for the Inner Ear : Review of Clinical Trial Characteristics in ClinicalTrials.gov (2021)
Auteurs :	Colleen G. Le Prell
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 10, November 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 670-694
Note générale :	Cet article fait partie d'un numéro spécial dédié aux thérapies auditives et aux thérapies protectrices. - DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735522
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Emissions otoacoustiques évoquées (OEA)(OAE) ; Essais cliniques comme sujet ; Littérature de revue comme sujet ; Médicaments en essais cliniques ; Ototoxicité ; Surdité due au bruit ; Surdité neurosensorielle (SNHL)
Résumé :	Background The previous 30 years have provided information on the mechanisms of cell death in the inner ear after noise exposure, ototoxic drug injury, and during aging, and clinical trials have emerged for all of these acquired forms of hearing loss. Sudden hearing loss is less well understood, but restoration of hearing after sudden hearing loss is also a long-standing drug target, typically using steroids as an intervention but with other agents of interest as well. Purpose The purpose of this review was to describe the state of the science regarding clinical testing of investigational medicinal products for the inner ear with respect to treatment or prevention of acquired hearing loss. Data Collection and Analysis Comprehensive search and summary of clinical trials listed in the National Library of Medicine (www.ClinicalTrials.gov) database identified 61 clinical trials. Results Study phase, status, intervention, and primary, secondary, and other outcomes are summarized for studies assessing prevention of noise-induced hearing loss, prevention of drug-induced hearing loss, treatment of stable sensorineural hearing loss, and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion This review provides a comprehensive summary of the state of the science with respect to investigational medicinal products for the inner ear evaluated in human clinical trials, and the current challenges for the field.
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Titre :	The Frequency Characteristic of Silicone Domes in Receiver in the Canal Hearing Aids (2021)
Auteurs :	Masafumi Ueno ; Seiichi Shinden ; Daisuke Suzuki ; Noriomi Suzuki ; Takanori Nishiyama ; Naoki Oishi ; Kaoru Ogawa
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 556-561
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732439
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Conduit auditif externe (CAE) ; Écouteur déporté ; Gain prothétique ; Silicone ; Ventilation
Résumé :	Background There are several types of silicone domes in receiver in the canal hearing aids (RICs), which have different occlusion levels. However, the frequency characteristics of each type of silicone dome are unclear. Purpose This study aimed to determine the frequency characteristics of three types of silicone domes (open domes, double-type power domes, and tulip domes) in RICs. Research Design This is an interventional study. Study Sample In total, 11 participants with a normal sense of hearing were prospectively enrolled. Intervention Participants were fitted with hearing aids, which were adjusted to similar settings, and only the silicone domes were changed. The acoustic gain of hearing aids was adjusted to 20 dB in the range of 250 Hz to 4 kHz using the 2-cc coupler. Data Collection and Analysis We measured the real-ear aided gain (REAG) for each type of silicone dome. In each frequency, we statistically compared the REAG of each type of dome. Acoustic gain using the Open Fit coupler of each type of dome was also measured. Results The REAG was obtained with no leakage with open domes only at 2 kHz, and with tulip domes and double-type power domes in the range of 1 to 2 kHz. Double-type power domes obtained significantly higher REAG than tulip domes at 250 and 500 Hz. Under the Open Fit coupler, all types obtained higher acoustic gain than the REAG. Conclusion This study provides the analysis of the frequency characteristics of silicone domes in RICs. The highest degree of occlusion was observed in double-type power domes, followed by tulip domes, and the lowest was observed in open domes.
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Titre :	Self-Reported Tinnitus Severity Prior to and During the COVID-19 Lockdown in the United Kingdom (2021)
Auteurs :	Hashir Aazh ; Ali A. Danesh ; Brian C. J. Moore
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 562-566
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Acouphène ; Audiologie ; COVID-19 ; Politique de confinement de la population
Résumé :	Background and Purpose The aim of this study was to assess whether the severity of tinnitus, as measured using ratings of tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and effect on life, was influenced by the lockdown related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Research Design This was a retrospective study. Study Sample The data for 105 consecutive patients who were seen at a tinnitus clinic in an audiology department in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 lockdown between April and June 2020 and 123 patients seen in the same period of the previous year, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Data Collection Demographic data for the patients, results of their pure-tone audiometry, and their score on visual analog scale (VAS) of tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and effect on life were imported from their records held at the audiology department. This was a retrospective survey comparing ratings on the VAS of tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and effect on life for consecutive patients seen during the COVID-19 lockdown and consecutive patients seen in the same period of the previous year, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients seen prior to lockdown used a pen and paper version of the VAS, while the patients who were assessed during the COVID-19 lockdown used an adapted version of the VAS, via telephone. All patients were seeking help for their tinnitus for the first time. Results The mean scores for tinnitus loudness, annoyance, and effect on life did not differ significantly for the groups seen prior to and during lockdown. Conclusion Any changes in psychological well-being or stress produced by the lockdown did not significantly affect ratings of the severity of tinnitus.
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Titre :	Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials and Postural Control in Adults with Age-Related Hearing Loss (2021)
Auteurs :	Steven M. Doettl ; Patrick N. Plyler ; Devin L. McCaslin ; Larissa G. Conolly ; Jesus D. Gomez
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 567-575
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735521
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Déficience auditive liée à l'âge (ARHL) ; Examen vestibulaire ; Potentiels évoqués vestibulaires myogéniques (cVEMP) (mVEMP) (oVEMP) ; Presbyacousie
Résumé :	Background Age-related changes to auditory function have been attributed to, through histopathological study, specific degradation of the sensory, supporting, and afferent structures of the cochlea. Similar to age-related hearing loss (ARHL), age-related changes to the vestibular sensory and supporting structures with specific degeneration of the saccule, utricle, otoconia, primary vestibular afferents have also been noted. Significant decreases in postural control with age are also well-documented in the literature attributed to multifactorial changes in function. Purpose The purpose of this study is to further evaluate the association of ARHL and saccule/utricle function as measured by VEMPs and postural control measures. Study Sample Audiologic, vestibular and postural control results from 34 participants were analyzed. The age range was from 50 to 70 years old with 16 males and 18 females. Group 1 consisted of 33 ears from participants age 50–70 with normal hearing with average age of 60.8 years (sd 6.287 years) and an average speech-frequency PTA of 14.8 dB HL. Group 2 consisted of 27 ears from participants age 50–70 years with ARHL and an average age of 62.9 years (sd 4.984 years) with an average speech-frequency PTA of 39.9 dB HL. Data Collection and Analysis Independent samples t-tests were used to assess group mean differences for dependent variables. The independent variable was group with 2 levels (normal hearing, ARHL). The dependent variables were cVEMP P1/N1 Amplitude, cVEMP P1 Latency, cVEMP N1 Latency, cVEMP P2 Latency, oVEMP N1/P1 Amplitude, oVEMP N1 Latency, and oVEMP P1 Latency. Additional analyses were completed using Pearson correlation to evaluate the relationship of audiometric findings to the dependent variables. Results Results indicated significantly decreased cVEMP P1/N1 amplitude and oVEMP N1/P1 amplitude adults 50–70-years of age with ARHL compared with their normal counterparts. Significant correlations were also found for audiometric results and both cVEMP and oVEMP measures. Conclusions Overall, the results of this study describe concomitant auditory and vestibular degeneration as measured by audiometric testing and vestibular function testing involving the saccule and to a lesser degree the utricle.
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Titre :	Electrocochleography and Auditory Brainstem Responses in Persons with Non-Optimal Blood Pressure (2021)
Auteurs :	Rachael R. Biaduc ; Caitlin M. Berry ; Katherine Lemons ; Eric A. Vance
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 576-587
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733970
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Audiométrie électroencéphalographique ; Potentiel évoqué auditif (PEA) ; Potentiels évoqués auditifs du tronc cérébral (ABR) ; Pression sanguine
Résumé :	Background Numerous cardiometabolic factors may underlie risk of hearing loss. Modifiable risk factors such as non-optimal blood pressure (BP) are of interest. Purpose To investigate early auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) in persons with nonoptimal BP. Research Design A cross-sectional nonexperimental study was performed. Study Sample Fifty-two adults (18–55 years) served as subjects. Individuals were classified as having optimal (systolic [S] BP  Data Collection and Analysis Behavioral thresholds from 0.25 to 16 kHz were collected. Threshold auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) were recorded using rarefaction clicks (17.7/second) from 80 dB nHL to wave V threshold. Electrocochleograms were obtained with 90 dB nHL 7.1/second alternating clicks and assessed for summating and compound action potentials (APs). Outcomes were compared via independent samples t tests. Linear mixed effects models for behavioral thresholds and ABR wave latencies were constructed to account for potential confounders. Results Wave I and III latencies were comparable between optimal and non-optimal BP groups. Wave I was prolonged in hypertensive versus optimal BP subjects at stimulus level 70 dB nHL (p = 0.016). ABR wave V latencies were prolonged in non-optimal BP at stimulus level 80 dB nHL (p = 0.048) and in HTN at levels of 80, 50, and 30 dB nHL (all p  Conclusion Elevated BP and more specifically, HTN was associated with subtle AEP abnormalities. This study provides preliminary evidence that nonoptimal BP, and more specifically HTN, may be related to auditory neural dysfunction; larger confirmatory studies are warranted.
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Titre :	Effects of Stimulus Polarity on Amplitude-Modulated Cervical Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials (2021)
Auteurs :	Christopher G. Clinard ; Kerri J. Lawlor ; Erin G. Piker
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 588-595
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733968
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Membrane des statoconies ; Potentiel évoqué stationnaire (ASSR) ; Potentiels évoqués vestibulaires myogéniques (cVEMP) (mVEMP) (oVEMP) ; Stimulation acoustique Autres descripteurs Polarite ; Verrouillage de phase
Résumé :	Background Traditional approaches to cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials use a transient stimulus to elicit an onset response. However, alternate approaches with long duration stimuli may allow the development of new methodologies to better understand basic function of the vestibular system, as well as potentially developing new clinical applications. Purpose The objective of this study was to examine the effects of stimulus polarity on response properties of amplitude-modulated cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (AMcVEMPs). Research Design Prospective, repeated-measures, within-subjects design. Study Sample Participants were 16 young, healthy adults (ages 21–38 years). Data Collection and Analysis Amplitude-modulated tones, with carrier frequency of 500 Hz and modulation frequency of 37 Hz, were used to elicit AMcVEMPs. Responses were analyzed in three different stimulus polarity conditions: condensation, rarefaction, and alternating. The resulting data were analyzed for differences across polarity conditions. Results AMcVEMP amplitudes, both raw and corrected for tonic muscle activation, were equivalent across the different stimulus phase conditions. In addition, response signal-to-noise ratio and phase coherence were equivalent across the different phases of the stimulus. Conclusion Analyses of AMcVEMPs are stable when the carrier frequency starting phase is altered and the phase of the temporal envelope is constant.
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Titre :	Audibility and Spectral-Ripple Discrimination Thresholds as Predictors of Word Recognition with Nonlinear Frequency Compression (2021)
Auteurs :	Marc A. Brennan ; Ryan W. McCreery
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 596-605
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732333
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Aides auditives ; Audiologie ; Dispositifs d'assistance au mouvement ; Fréquence non-linéaire (NLFC) ; Ouïe ; Perception de la parole ; Résolution spectrale
Résumé :	Background Nonlinear frequency compression (NFC) lowers high-frequency sounds to a lower frequency and is used to improve high-frequency audibility. However, the efficacy of NFC varies widely—while some individuals benefit from NFC, many do not. Spectral resolution is one factor that might explain individual benefit from NFC. Because individuals with better spectral resolution understand more speech than those with poorer spectral resolution, it was hypothesized that individual benefit from NFC could be predicted from the change in spectral resolution measured with NFC relative to a condition without NFC. Purpose This study aimed to determine the impact of NFC on access to spectral information and whether these changes predict individual benefit from NFC for adults with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Research Design Present study is a quasi-experimental cohort study. Participants used a pair of hearing aids set to the Desired Sensation Level algorithm (DSL m[i/o]). Study Sample Participants were 19 adults with SNHL, recruited from the Boys Town National Research Hospital Participant Registry. Data Collection and Analysis Participants were seated in a sound-attenuating booth and then percent-correct recognition of words, and spectral-ripple discrimination thresholds were measured for two different conditions, with and without NFC. Because audibility is known to influence spectral-ripple thresholds and benefit from NFC, audibility was quantified using the aided speech intelligibility index (SII). Linear mixed models were generated to predict word recognition using the aided SII and spectral-ripple discrimination thresholds. Results While NFC did not influence percent-correct word recognition, participants with higher (better) aided SII and spectral-ripple discrimination thresholds understood more words than those with either a lower aided SII or spectral-ripple discrimination threshold. Benefit from NFC was not predictable from a participant's aided SII or spectral-ripple discrimination threshold. Conclusion We have extended previous work on the effect of audibility on benefit from NFC to include a measure of spectral resolution, the spectral-ripple discrimination threshold. Clinically, these results suggest that patients with better audibility and spectral resolution will understand speech better than those with poorer audibility or spectral resolution; however, these results are inconsistent with the notion that individual benefit from NFC is predictable from aided audibility or spectral resolution.
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Titre :	Automated Forced-Choice Tests of Speech Recognition (2021)
Auteurs :	Robert H. Margolis ; Richard H. Wilson ; George L. Saly ; Heather M. Gregoire ; Brandon M. Madsen
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of the American Academy of Audiology (JAAA) (Vol. 32, n° 9, October 2021)
Article en page(s) :	p. 606-615
Note générale :	DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733964
Langues:	Anglais
Descripteurs :	HE Vinci Choix forcé ; Reconnaissance de la parole ; Seuil minimum de stimulation (THR)
Résumé :	Purpose This project was undertaken to develop automated tests of speech recognition, including speech-recognition threshold (SRT) and word-recognition test, using forced-choice responses and computerized scoring of responses. Specific aims were (1) to develop an automated method for measuring SRT for spondaic words that produces scores that are in close agreement with average pure-tone thresholds and (2) to develop an automated test of word recognition that distinguishes listeners with normal hearing from those with sensorineural hearing loss and which informs the hearing aid evaluation process. Method An automated SRT protocol was designed to converge on the lowest level at which the listener responds correctly to two out of two spondees presented monaurally. A word-recognition test was conducted with monosyllabic words (female speaker) presented monaurally at a fixed level. For each word, there were three rhyming foils, displayed on a touchscreen with the test word. The listeners touched the word they thought they heard. Participants were young listeners with normal hearing and listeners with sensorineural hearing loss. Words were also presented with nonrhyming foils and in an open-set paradigm. The open-set responses were scored by a graduate student research assistant. Results The SRT results agreed closely with the pure-tone average (PTA) obtained by automated audiometry. The agreement was similar to results obtained with the conventional SRT scoring method. Word-recognition scores were highest for the closed-set, nonrhyming lists and lowest for open-set responses. For the hearing loss participants, the scores varied widely. There was a moderate correlation between word-recognition scores and pure-tone thresholds which increased as more high frequencies were brought into the PTA. Based on the findings of this study, a clinical protocol was designed that determines if a listener's performance was in the normal range and if the listener benefited from increasing the level of the stimuli. Conclusion SRTs obtained using the automated procedure are comparable to the results obtained by the conventional clinical method that is in common use. The automated closed-set word-recognition test results show clear differentiation between scores for the normal and hearing loss groups. These procedures provide clinical test results that are not dependent on the availability of an audiologist to perform the tests.
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